MySQL主从

准备

1. 安装好mysql
2. 关闭防火墙和沙盒
3. 主数据库ID：192.168.2.55
4. 从数据库ID：192.168.2.88

主数据库配置

1.编辑配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=master-bin
log-slave-updates=true

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id       = 1

2.重启mysql服务

service mysqld restart

3.进入mysql

mysql -uroot -p

未设置密码

4.给备份用户授权，允许slave从从服务器登录到主服务器

自定义备份用户名（slave）和密码（123.com）：

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.2.%' identified by '123.com';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5.刷新系统授权并查看master状态

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 |      486 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

从数据库配置

1.编辑配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log=relay-log-bin
relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id       = 2

2.重启mysql服务

service mysqld restart

3.进入mysql

mysql -uroot -p123456

已设置的密码：123456

4.获取授权

若已经授权，可重置slave参数，重新授权。

mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.2.55',master_user='slave',master_password='123.com',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=486;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

5.开启从数据库并查看从服务器状态

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.2.55
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 486
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 253
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 486
              Relay_Log_Space: 407
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

成功！