【CodeWars】int32 to IPv4

题意

题目链接：https://www.codewars.com/kata/int32-to-ipv4/train/java/5cebc1b2c6c7fc0022674279

Take the following IPv4 address: 128.32.10.1

This address has 4 octets where each octet is a single byte (or 8 bits).

1st octet 128 has the binary representation: 10000000
2nd octet 32 has the binary representation: 00100000
3rd octet 10 has the binary representation: 00001010
4th octet 1 has the binary representation: 00000001
So 128.32.10.1 == 10000000.00100000.00001010.00000001

Because the above IP address has 32 bits, we can represent it as the unsigned 32 bit number: 2149583361

Complete the function that takes an unsigned 32 bit number and returns a string representation of its IPv4 address.

Examples
2149583361 ==> "128.32.10.1"
32         ==> "0.0.0.32"
0          ==> "0.0.0.0"

题目意思是将一个长整型的的数字转换成ipv4，比如2149583361的二进制表示是10000000001000000000101000000001，而ipv4是每个点是之间的数值大小取值是0~255，也就是二进制的八位，因此将二进制表示按八位分一次是10000000.00100000.00001010.00000001，分好之后再将四组二进制重新转成十进制，算法的要点是十进制和二进制相互之间的转换，因为是刷算法题，我尽量去避免使用现有的一些Java库，手写转换的转换过程，这个没什么难度。我这里转换成二进制的过程是将二进制的每一位存入栈中，因为存在0.0.1.32、1.2.3.4等一些可能前面几组二进制的位数不能确定的情况，需要从后面开始每八位算一组来计算得出最后的ipv4地址，用栈会方便一些

代码

import java.util.Stack;

public class Kata {
    public static String longToIP(long ip) {
        // Java doesn't have uint32, so here we use long to represent int32
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();

        while (ip > 0){
            stack.push((int) (ip % 2));
            ip /= 2;
        }

        while (stack.size() < 32){
            stack.push(0);
        }

        int flag = 0;
        int tmp = 0;

        while (!stack.empty()){
            tmp = tmp * 2 + stack.pop();
            flag++;
            if (flag % 8 == 0){
                stringBuilder.append(tmp);
                if (flag < 32){
                    stringBuilder.append('.');
                }
                tmp = 0;
            }
        }

        return stringBuilder.toString(); // do it!
    }
}

测试用例

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.Random;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

public class KataTest {
	@Test
	public void sampleTest() {
		assertEquals("128.114.17.104", Kata.longToIP(2154959208L));
		assertEquals("0.0.0.0", Kata.longToIP(0));
		assertEquals("128.32.10.1", Kata.longToIP(2149583361L));
	}
}