Foundation --- 字符串的获取

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        // insert code here...
        
        //1.获取字符串的长度
        NSString *str = @"ding";
//        NSUInteger length = [str length];
        NSUInteger length = str.length;
        NSLog(@"字符串长度:%lu",length);
        
        //2.根据索引获得单个字符
        NSString *str2 = @"www.summer.hello";
        //如果定的索引值,超出了字符串的长度,会导致异常Range or index out of bounds
        unichar c = [str2 characterAtIndex:9];
        NSLog(@"字符c:%c",c);
        
        //3.根据索引获得一个字串
        NSString *str3 = @"www.summer.hello";
        NSString *tempStr = [str3 substringFromIndex:3];
        //substringFromIndex 从指定的索引开始(包含该索引位置)截取到字符串末尾
        NSLog(@"substringFromIndex:%@",tempStr);
        
        NSString *tempStr2 = [str3 substringToIndex:3];
        //substringToIndex 截取字符串到给定的位置结束,不包含该索引位置
        NSLog(@"substringToIndex:%@",tempStr2);
        
        NSString *tempStr3 = [str3 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 3)];
        //substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 3) 从第零个字符串开始截取,长度为3个字符
        NSLog(@"substringWithRange:%@",tempStr3);
        
        //4.获取字符串的某一段
        NSRange rang = {4,6};//{location,length}
        NSString *tempStr4 = [str3 substringWithRange:rang];
        NSLog(@"substringWithRange:%@",tempStr4);
        
        //5.获得一个字符串的位置
        NSString *tempStr5 = @"summer";
        NSRange tempRange = [str3 rangeOfString:tempStr5];
        NSLog(@"location:%ld,length:%ld",tempRange.location,tempRange.length);
        
        if (tempRange.length == NSNotFound) {
            NSLog(@"temp5 不在 str3 中");
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog(@"rangOfString %@",NSStringFromRange(tempRange));
        }
        
        //6.获得一个字符串索引范围
        NSRange tempRange2 = [str3 rangeOfString:@"summer" options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch];
        NSLog(@"rangOfstring1 %@",NSStringFromRange(tempRange2));
        
    }
    return 0;
}