JDBC-03-笔记

SQL防注入攻击（PreparedStatement）

1. sql注入攻击的演示

• 在登录界面，输入一个错误的用户名或密码，也可以登录成功
  

2. sql注入攻击的原理

• 按照正常道理来说，我们在密码处输入的所有内容，都应该认为是密码的组成

• 但是现在Statement对象在执行sql语句时，将一部分内容当做查询条件来执行了

  String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE name='"+varname+"' and passwd='"+varpasswd+"' ";
  页面传参 varname = 'aaa'; varpasswd ='aaa' or '1' = '1'
  
  字符串拼接后的SQL语句
  String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE name= 'aaa' and passwd= 'aaa' or '1'='1' ";
  这样就能够查询出数据
  

3. PreparedStatement的介绍

• @基本都了解PreparedStatement，PreparedStatement相比Statement基本解决了SQL注入问题，而且效率也有一定提升。个人对PreparedStatement的防注入攻击有些疑惑，找了点资料查看，看到例如上面的aaa'or'1'='1 这个字符串在PreparedStatement的set方法调用后会变成 'aaa\'or\'1\'=\'1' 会有个转义，这样sql语句就没法像上面那样进行sql语句的拼接了@
• 预编译sql语句的执行者对象。在执行sql语句之前，将sql语句进行提前编译。明确sql语句的格式后，就不会改变了。剩余的内容都会认为是参数！参数使用?作为占位符
• 为参数赋值的方法：setXxx(参数1,参数2);
  • 参数1：?的位置编号(编号从1开始)
  • 参数2：?的实际参数
• 执行sql语句的方法
  • 执行insert、update、delete语句：int executeUpdate();
  • 执行select语句：ResultSet executeQuery();

4. PreparedStatement的使用

/*
	 使用PreparedStatement的登录方法，解决注入攻击
*/
@Override
public User findByLoginNameAndPassword(String loginName, String password) {
    //定义必要信息
    Connection conn = null;
    PreparedStatement pstm = null;
    ResultSet rs = null;
    User user = null;
    try {
        //1.获取连接
        conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
        //2.创建操作SQL对象
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM user WHERE loginname=? AND password=?";
        pstm = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        //3.设置参数
        pstm.setString(1,loginName);
        pstm.setString(2,password);
        System.out.println(sql);
        //4.执行sql语句，获取结果集
        rs = pstm.executeQuery();
        //5.获取结果集
        if (rs.next()) {
            //6.封装
            user = new User();
            user.setUid(rs.getString("uid"));
            user.setUcode(rs.getString("ucode"));
            user.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
            user.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
            user.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
            user.setDutydate(rs.getDate("dutydate"));
            user.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
            user.setLoginname(rs.getString("loginname"));
        }
        //7.返回
        return user;
    }catch (Exception e){
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }finally {
        JDBCUtils.close(conn,pstm,rs);
    }
}

5. 使用PreparedStatement优化student表的CRUD

public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {

    @Override
    public ArrayList<Student> findAll() {
        //定义必要信息
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        ArrayList<Student> students = null;
        try {
            //1.获取连接
            conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            //2.获取操作对象
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement("select * from student");
            //3.执行sql语句，获取结果集
            rs = pstm.executeQuery();
            //4.遍历结果集
            students = new ArrayList<Student>();
            while (rs.next()) {
                //5.封装
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setSid(rs.getInt("sid"));
                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                student.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
                //加入到集合中
                students.add(student);
            }
            //6.返回
            return students;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(conn,pstm,rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Student findById(Integer sid) {
        //定义必要信息
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        Student student = null;
        try {
            //1.获取连接
            conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            //2.获取操作对象
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement("select * from student where sid = ? ");
            pstm.setInt(1,sid);
            //3.执行sql语句，获取结果集
            rs = pstm.executeQuery();
            //4.遍历结果集
            if (rs.next()) {
                //5.封装
                student = new Student();
                student.setSid(rs.getInt("sid"));
                student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                student.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
            }
            //6.返回
            return student;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(conn,pstm,rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int insert(Student student) {
        //定义必要信息
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        int result = 0;
        try {
            //1.获取连接
            conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            //2.获取操作对象
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement("insert into student(sid,name,age,birthday)values(null,?,?,?)");
            //3.设置参数
            //pstm.setInt(1,null);
            pstm.setString(1,student.getName());
            pstm.setInt(2,student.getAge());
            pstm.setDate(3,new Date(student.getBirthday().getTime()));
            //4.执行sql语句
            result = pstm.executeUpdate();
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(conn,pstm);
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Student student) {
        //定义必要信息
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        int result = 0;
        try {
            //1.获取连接
            conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            //2.获取操作对象
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement("update student set name=?,age=?,birthday=? where sid=? ");
            //3.设置参数
            pstm.setString(1,student.getName());
            pstm.setInt(2,student.getAge());
            pstm.setDate(3,new Date(student.getBirthday().getTime()));
            pstm.setInt(4,student.getSid());
            //4.执行sql语句
            result = pstm.executeUpdate();
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(conn,pstm);
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Integer sid) {
        //定义必要信息
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        int result = 0;
        try {
            //1.获取连接
            conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            //2.获取操作对象
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement("delete from student where sid=? ");
            //3.设置参数
            pstm.setInt(1,sid);
            //4.执行sql语句
            result = pstm.executeUpdate();
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(conn,pstm);
        }
        return result;
    }
}