JSP的隐式对象[9个]
1》用来数据共享的对象:
pageContext:
request:
session:
application:
2》和Servlet有关的对象:
page:
config:
3》与输入输出有关的对象:
out :
request:
response:
4》和异常处理有关的对象
exception
下面便来一一讲解:
1》用来数据共享的对象:
数据共享(数据范围从小到大):
pageContext(在网页本页中共享数据)
request (在同一次请求响应过程中)
session (在同一个会话中共享数据)
application(应用程序运行期间共享数据)
这4个容器对象都可以用来存数据,方式一样:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>数据共享</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
//存储
pageContext.setAttribute("pageContext", 1);
request.setAttribute("request", 1);
session.setAttribute("session", 1);
application.setAttribute("application", 1);
//本页获取
Object obj=pageContext.getAttribute("pageContext");
Object obj1=request.getAttribute("request");
Object obj2=session.getAttribute("session");
Object obj3=application.getAttribute("application");
%>
pageContext:<%=obj%><br>
request:<%=obj1%><br>
session:<%=obj2%><br>
application:<%=obj3%><br>
</body>
</html>
页面输出:
pageContext:1
request:1
session:1
application:1
插入一点重要内容:
Servlet转发机制
a).forword转发request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
b).include转发request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").include(request,response);
c).重定向转发response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
(重定向转发与上面两种区别,重新发送请求,request里面共享的数据不再存在)
2》和Servlet有关的对象:
page:page和servlet有关的,指jsp页面本身(jsp就是一个servlet),page就是this,想用page的地方都可以用this来表示;所以page使用少;
config:存储jsp配置信息的对象:
xml文件配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>ysdx</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>aa</servlet-name>
<jsp-file>/index5.jsp</jsp-file>
<init-param>
<param-name>className</param-name>
<param-value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>url</param-name>
<param-value>jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>user</param-name>
<param-value>scott</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>pwd</param-name>
<param-value>tiger</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>aa</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/aa</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
jsp文件:
<%@page import="org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
这个是index5.jsp!
<%
String className = config.getInitParameter("className");
String url = config.getInitParameter("url");
String user = config.getInitParameter("user");
String pwd = config.getInitParameter("pwd");
%>
<%=className %> <br/>
<%=url %> <br/>
<%=user %> <br/>
<%=pwd %> <br/>
</body>
</html>
3》与输入输出有关的对象:
out:向浏览器输出信息
request:包含请求信息
response:包含的响应信息
4.和异常有关的对象:
exception:异常处理(只有在声明为错误页面才有exception对象),
1)定义错误页面
<%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>
-----------------------------------------------
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
你访问的页面飞走了!!
<%
String msg = exception.getMessage();
%>
<%=msg %>
</body>
</html>
2)如果页面需要处理异常
<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp"%>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
int a = 1, b = 0;
%>
<%=a / b%>
<a href="index7.jsp">这是一个超连接</a>
</body>
</html>