【Personal Note】Linux MySQL Deploy RPM

环境准备：CentOS7，以下包括mysql5和mysql8 rpm

1.安装mysql5 rpm

下载mysql rpm如：
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
然后进行repo的安装：
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
执行完成后会在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下生成两个repo文件mysql-community.repo mysql-community-source.repo

yum install mysql-server

启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld

获取安装时的临时密码（在第一次登录时就是用这个密码）：

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

用临时密码登录mysql root用户

mysql -u root -p

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;

查询用户的密码，都为空，用下面的命令设置root的密码为root

mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('root');
mysql> exit

此处新密码登录

mysql -u root -p

给root用户授权、开启远程并刷新权限

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges; 

2.安装mysql8 rpm

有时候需清空以前的mysql
rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
rpm -ev mysql-xxx 删除已经安装的包
rpm -ev mysql-xxx --nodeps 删除未安装的包

下载

wget   https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解压

tar -xvf    mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /usr/local

解压后8个文件，运行其中4个就可以了

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld

查看初始随机密码

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

使用root角色随机密码登录

mysql -u root -p

第一次使用随机生成的密码登录后必须修改密码，否则无法进行其他操作

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Aaaa.111111';

修改可远程并刷新权限：

update user set host='%' where user ='root';
flush privileges;

查询3306端口是否开启yes/no

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp

开启3306-successful

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

重新加载防火墙successful

firewall-cmd --reload

此时我们的远程程序已经可以直接连接MySQL了。
再修改密码长度和规则：
查询规则和长度

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password.%';

validate_password.policy的值0、1、2或相应的符号值LOW，MEDIUM，STRONG
0 or LOW：Length
1 or MEDIUM：Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONG：Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file

修改规则和长度

set global validate_password.policy=LOW; 
set global validate_password.length=4;
flush privileges;

然后再修改密码

alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';