python函数random研读

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-14 20:05:12 发布

星空永恒&&卡利达

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-14 20:05:12 发布

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摘自python数据收集一书的一段文字：大多数随机数算法都努力创造一种呈均匀分布且难以预测的数据序列，但是在算法初始化阶段都需要提供随机数"种子"(random seed)。而完全相同的种子每次会产生同样的"随机"数序列，因此我用系统时间作为随机数序列生成的起点。
random.seed(a=None, version=2)

    Initialize the random number generator.

    If a is omitted or None, the current system time is used. If randomness sources are provided by the operating system, they are used instead of the system time (see the os.urandom() function for details on availability).

    If a is an int, it is used directly.

    With version 2 (the default), a str, bytes, or bytearray object gets converted to an int and all of its bits are used. With version 1, the hash() of a is used instead.

    Changed in version 3.2: Moved to the version 2 scheme which uses all of the bits in a string seed.


Functions for integers:
random.randint(a, b)

    Return a random integer N such that a <= N <= b. Alias for randrange(a, b+1).


Functions for sequences:
random.choice(seq)

    Return a random element from the non-empty sequence seq. If seq is empty, raises IndexError.


random.random()

    Return the next random floating point number in the range [0.0, 1.0).


>>> weighted_choices = [('Red', 3), ('Blue', 2), ('Yellow', 1), ('Green', 4)]
>>> population = [val for val, cnt in weighted_choices for i in range(cnt)]
>>> random.choice(population)
'Green'