Linux下部署Nginx

概述

本文介绍在Linux下部署Nginx的详细步骤，以供参考。

环境说明

OS Version：CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 （此为发行版本）
OS Version：CentOS Linux release 8.2.2004 （此为发行版本）

Linux下查看系统版本命令
查看系统发行版本：cat /etc/redhat-release
查看系统内核版本：uname -a

准备内容

Linux文件命令行工具Xshell 4

下载地址
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1cqrgxkJqLK_EOEccMnPxDA
(https://pan.baidu.com/s/1cqrgxkJqLK_EOEccMnPxDA )
提取码：xxyu

部署步骤（部分步骤可忽略）

• 通过Xshell工具使用root用户登录到Linux系统（这里使用的是阿里云ECS）。
• 添加EPEL存储库（sudo yum install epel-release -y）
• 下载nginx软件包 (sudo yum install -y nginx)
  
• 设置自动启动Nginx (sudo systemctl enable nginx)
  
• 启动Nginx (sudo systemctl start nginx)
• 查看Nginx运行进程（ps -ef | grep nginx）
  
• 查看Nginx启动状态 (sudo systemctl status nginx)
  

常用位置

• 静态页面：/usr/share/nginx/html
• 配置文件：/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

常用命令

• 校验Nginx配置文件：/usr/sbin/nginx -t
• 查看Nginx：sudo systemctl status nginx
• 停止Nginx：sudo systemctl stop nginx
• 启动Nginx：sudo systemctl start nginx
• 重启Nginx：sudo systemctl reload nginx

配置文件示例

user root;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
        worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
        log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ’
                                   '$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ’
                                   ‘“$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”’;

        access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush on;
        tcp_nodelay on;
        keepalive_timeout 65;
        types_hash_max_size 2048;

        include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        default_type application/octet-stream;

        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

        server {
                listen 80;
                server_name www.haloc.com;

                location / {
                        root /usr/share/nginx/html/haloc;
                        index index.html;
                 }

                  location /api/ {
                        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
                 }
        }

        server {
                listen 80;
                listen 443;
                server_name www.haloc.com;
                ssl on;
                root /usr/share/nginx/html;
                index index.html index.htm;

                ssl_certificate cert/409932398_www.haloc.com.pem;
                ssl_certificate_key cert/409932398_www.haloc.com.key;
                ssl_session_timeout 5m;
                ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
                ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
                ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

                location / {
                        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/;
                }
        }

        # HTTP 强转 HTTPS
        server {
                listen 80;
                server_name www.haloc.com;
                return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
        }
}