CountDownLatch源码分析入手

简介

• CountDownLatch是一个同步工具类，用来协调多个线程之间的同步，允许一个或多个线程一直等待，直到其他线程执行完后再执行。
• CountDownLatch是在java1.5被引入的，跟它一起被引入的并发工具类还有CyclicBarrier、Semaphore、ConcurrentHashMap和BlockingQueue，它们都存在于java.util.concurrent包下
• CountDownLatch是通过一个计数器来实现的，计数器的初始化值为线程的数量。
• 每当一个线程完成了自己的任务后，计数器的值就相应得减1。当计数器到达0时，表示所有的线程都已完成任务，然后在闭锁上等待的线程就可以恢复执行任务。

源码

 

• countDownLatch类中只提供了一个构造器：

public CountDownLatch(int count) {
    if (count < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("count < 0");
    this.sync = new Sync(count);
}

• 类中最重要的三个方法：

 //调用await()方法的线程会被挂起，它会等待直到count值为0才继续执行 

public void await() throws InterruptedException {
    sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1);
}

//与await()类似，等待一定的时间后count值还没变为0的话就会继续执行

public boolean await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
    throws InterruptedException {
    return sync.tryAcquireSharedNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout));
}

//对计数器进行递减1操作，当计数器递减至0时，当前线程会去唤醒阻塞队列里的所有线程

public void countDown() {
    sync.releaseShared(1);
}

缺陷

• CountDownLatch是一次性的，计数器的值只能在构造方法中初始化一次，之后没有任何机制再次对其设置值，当CountDownLatch使用完毕后，它不能再次被使用。

案例

public class TestDemo {
    public static void main(String[] agrs) {
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(10);
        ExecutorService threadPool1 = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 10, 0L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(), new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            CountDownLatchRunnable runnable = new CountDownLatchRunnable(latch);
            threadPool1.execute(runnable);
        }
        threadPool1.shutdown();
    }
}

class CountDownLatchRunnable implements Runnable {
    private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;

    public CountDownLatchRunnable(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            synchronized (countDownLatch) {
                //每次递减1
                countDownLatch.countDown();
                System.out.println("------start countDownLatch  = " + (countDownLatch.getCount()) + "------");
            }
            countDownLatch.await();
            System.out.println("------end countDownLatch  = " + (10 - countDownLatch.getCount()) + "------");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

执行结果：