ES嵌套查询之nested

一，nested出现的背景：

有时候，我们需要查询一个对象内部类的值，发现通过平时的查询查询不到数据，这时DSL(Domain Specific language,即特定领域专用语言)出场了！

elasticsearch中的内部对象无法按预期工作，这里的问题是elasticsearch（lucene）使用的库没有内部对象的概念，因此内部对象被扁平化为一个简单的字段名称和值列表。如下：
 

{
  "title":                    [ invest, money ],
  "body":                     [ as, investing, money, please, soon, start ],
  "tags":                     [ invest, money ],
  "published_on":             [ 18 Oct 2017 ]
  "comments.name":            [ smith, john, william ],
  "comments.comment":         [ after, article, good, i, investing, nice, post, reading, started, this, very ],
  "comments.age":             [ 33, 34, 38 ],
  "comments.rating":          [ 7, 8, 9 ],
  "comments.commented_on":    [ 20 Nov 2017, 25 Nov 2017, 30 Nov 2017 ]
}

## nested篇
POST blog/news/1
{
  "title": "Hero",
  "body": "Hero test body...",
  "tags": ["Heros", "happy"],
  "published_on": "6 Oct 2018",
  "comments": [
    {
      "name": "steve",
      "age": 24,
      "rating": 18,
      "comment": "Nice article..",
      "commented_on": "3 Nov 2018"
    }
  ]
}

## 1，没有使用nested的查询
GET /blog/news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "comments.name": "steve"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

## 2，使用nested的查询
# 2.1，先更改索引映射关系
PUT /blog
{
  "mappings": {
    "news": {
      "properties": {
        "title": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "body": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "tags": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "published_on": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "comments": {
          "type": "nested",
          "properties": {
            "name": {
              "type": "text"
            },
            "comment": {
              "type": "text"
            },
            "age": {
              "type": "short"
            },
            "rating": {
              "type": "short"
            },
            "commented_on": {
              "type": "text"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

# 2.2, 带nested查询
GET blog/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "nested": {
            "path": "comments",
            "query": {
              "bool": {
                "must": [
                  {
                    "match": {
                      "comments.name": "steve"
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "match": {
                      "comments.age": 24
                    }
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}