Android实用功能开发——版本更新（适配6.0权限管理，7.0安装外部APK）

我在去年写过一篇博客，叫《Android实用功能分享——应用版本的更新实例》，那个时候APP限制很少，不需要手动申请文件权限和安装的权限，随着Android系统的安全性的提高，这篇博客下面的技术就显得不够用了，因为我决定更新一下技术，以适应时代发展。

众所周知，在Anroid 6.0以后，对于操作文件的权限已经变了，需要我们在应用运行时手动请求以下权限

<!--往sdcard中写入数据的权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<!--在sdcard中创建/删除文件的权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"
 tools:ignore="ProtectedPermissions" />

另外，在Anroid 7.0以后，安装外部APP也需要申请权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />

大方向说完以后，咱们来具体实施一下项目，首先在build.gradle文件下配置两个外部依赖

//权限申请框架
implementation 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:0.3.0'
//APP注解框架
implementation 'org.xutils:xutils:3.3.36'

然后在自定义MyAPP里面初始化下xutils的框架

/**
 *@Description
 * @author 小瓶盖
 * @return
 * @createTime 2019/9/16 0016 16:38
 * 更新日志
 */
public class MyAPP extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        //网络注解框架
        x.Ext.init(this);
    }
}

接下来就在Activity里面编写程序

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.View;

import com.ltl.update.base.BasePermissionActivity;
import com.ltl.update.utils.UpDateStatus;
import com.ltl.update.utils.UpdateHelper;

import org.xutils.view.annotation.ContentView;
import org.xutils.view.annotation.Event;
import org.xutils.x;

import java.util.List;

@ContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
public class MainActivity extends BasePermissionActivity implements UpDateStatus {
    private UpdateHelper mUpdateHelper;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        x.view().inject(this);

        mUpdateHelper = new UpdateHelper(this);
        mUpdateHelper.setUpDateStatus(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateNewVersion(boolean needUpdate) {
        //是否强更

    }

    @Override
    public void cancelUpdate() {
        //取消更新
    }

    @Override
    public void cancelJurisdiction() {
        //取消授权

    }

    @Event(R.id.id_update)
    private void onClick(View view) {
        //申请文件权限
        onRequestPermissions(file, RC_FILE, FILE_TIPS);
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        boolean b = mUpdateHelper.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, grantResults);
        if (!b) {
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 文件操作权限获取成功
     * @param requestCode 申请权限时的请求码
     * @param perms       申请成功的权限集合
     */
    @Override
    public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, @NonNull List<String> perms) {
        super.onPermissionsGranted(requestCode, perms);
        mUpdateHelper.getVersion();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == UpdateHelper.INSTALL_APK_REQUESTCODE) {
            //打开授权设置返回的时候检查一下权限
            mUpdateHelper.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        }
    }
}

代码其实比较好懂，重点讲一下我自定义的一个版本更新工具类，代码如下

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.text.TextUtils;


import com.ltl.update.UpdataDialog;

import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.xutils.http.RequestParams;
import org.xutils.x;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author 小瓶盖
 * @Description
 * @return
 * @createTime 2019/9/16 0016 16:38
 * 更新日志
 */
public class UpdateHelper extends UpDateVersionImpl {
    public static final int INSTALL_APK_REQUESTCODE = 1531;

    private UpdateModel mModel;

    public void setUpDateStatus(UpDateStatus upDateStatus) {
        mUpDateStatus = upDateStatus;
    }

    private UpDateStatus mUpDateStatus;

    public static boolean isLoaded = false;

    public static boolean HAVE_NEW_VERSION = false;

    private String path = "";

    public UpdateHelper(Context mContext) {
        super(mContext);
        mModel = new UpdateModel();
        File pathFile = new File(FileUtils.writeApkSaveList(), "update" + (AppUtils.getVersionCode(mContext) + 1) + ".apk");
        path = pathFile.getPath();
    }


    @Override
    public void downloadAPK(String url) {
        RequestParams requestParams = new RequestParams(url);
        requestParams.setSaveFilePath(path);
        x.http().get(requestParams, new DownFile());
    }

    class DownFile extends DownFileImpl {
        UpdataDialog progressDialog;

        public DownFile() {
            progressDialog = new UpdataDialog(mContext);
        }

        @Override
        public void onStarted() {
            progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
            progressDialog.setMessage("亲，努力下载中。。。");
            progressDialog.show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onLoading(long total, long current, boolean isDownloading) {
            if (isDownloading) {
                progressDialog.setMax((int) (total / 1024f / 1024f));
                progressDialog.setProgress((int) ((current / 1024f / 1024f)));
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onSuccess(File result) {
            try {
                installApk(result);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                toastMsg("安装失败，请前往应用市场更新");
            }
            progressDialog.dismiss();
        }

        @Override
        public void onError(Throwable ex, boolean isOnCallback) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            toastMsg("下载失败，请检查网络和SD卡");
            progressDialog.dismiss();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void installApk(File file) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { // 7.0+以上版本
            Uri apkUri = FileUtils.getUriForFile(mContext, file);
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
            intent.setDataAndType(apkUri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
        } else {
            intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
        }
        mContext.startActivity(intent);
        ((Activity) mContext).finish();
    }


    @Override
    public void getVersion() {
        mModel = getModel(new JSONObject());
        if (mModel.getVersionNo() > getVersionCode() && !TextUtils.isEmpty(mModel.getUrl())) {
            //要更新了
            HAVE_NEW_VERSION = true;
            judgePermissions(mModel);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void judgePermissions(UpdateModel model) {
        if (model != null) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
                //来判断应用是否有权限安装apk
                boolean installAllowed = mActivity.getPackageManager().canRequestPackageInstalls();
                //有权限
                if (installAllowed) {
                    //直接前往下载
                    onVersionUpdate(model);
                } else {
                    //无权限 申请权限
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(mActivity, new String[]{Manifest.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES}, INSTALL_APK_REQUESTCODE);
                }
            } else {
                //直接前往下载
                onVersionUpdate(model);
            }
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onVersionUpdate(final UpdateModel model) {
        AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
        dialog.setCancelable(false);
        dialog.setTitle("温馨提示");
        dialog.setMessage(model.getInstructions());
        dialog.setPositiveButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                dialog.dismiss();
                if (mUpDateStatus != null) {
                    mUpDateStatus.cancelUpdate();
                }
                if (model.isForceUpdate()) {
                    isLoaded = false;
                    mActivity.finish();
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            }
        });
        dialog.setNeutralButton("马上更新", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                isLoaded = false;
                downloadAPK(model.getUrl());
            }
        });
        dialog.show();
    }

    @Override
    public UpdateModel getModel(JSONObject object) {
        //模拟数据
        UpdateModel mModel = new UpdateModel();
        //拼多多的下载链接
        mModel.setUrl("https://imtt.dd.qq.com/16891/apk/3BB6A311C926A75A15FBCF29BC3FF2CF.apk");
        mModel.setVersionNo(2);
        mModel.setInstructions("新版本更新啦");
        return mModel;
    }

    @Override
    public int getVersionCode() {
        return AppUtils.getVersionCode(mContext);
    }


    @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (requestCode == INSTALL_APK_REQUESTCODE) {
            judgePermissions(mModel);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == INSTALL_APK_REQUESTCODE) {
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                onVersionUpdate(mModel);
            } else {
                //将用户引导至安装未知应用界面。
                showInstallApkTips();
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     *没有权限需要提示更新
     */
    public void showInstallApkTips() {
        AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
        dialog.setCancelable(false);
        dialog.setTitle("温馨提示");
        dialog.setMessage("有新的版本要更新，请打开允许安装外部应用权限后重试");
        dialog.setPositiveButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                dialog.dismiss();
                if (mUpDateStatus != null) {
                    mUpDateStatus.cancelJurisdiction();
                }
                if (mModel.isForceUpdate()) {
                    Intent intent = new Intent();
                    intent.setAction("android.intent.action.VIEW");
                    Uri content_url = Uri.parse(mModel.getUrl());
                    intent.setData(content_url);
                    mActivity.startActivity(intent);
                    isLoaded = false;
                    mActivity.finish();
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            }
        });
        dialog.setNeutralButton("前往设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                isLoaded = false;
                Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES);
                intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + mContext.getPackageName()));
                mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, INSTALL_APK_REQUESTCODE);
            }
        });
        dialog.show();
    }

}

具体的，代码的注释已经很清楚，主要是权限申请和处理，这里面每一步都至关重要，其中 installApk(File file) 方法，是调起系统安装APP的方法，到此，基本上就完成操作了。如果没有权限，调起是会报严重错误的。

public void installApk(File file) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { // 7.0+以上版本
            Uri apkUri = FileUtils.getUriForFile(mContext, file);
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
            intent.setDataAndType(apkUri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
        } else {
            intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
        }
        mContext.startActivity(intent);
        ((Activity) mContext).finish();
    }

 

以上就是部分代码，有些细节的接口类会在下面的源码中贴出，欢迎下载源码体验。