Servlet-接口与类的关系

一、HttpServlet类继承GenericServlet类，GenericServlet类实现Servlet接口

• HttpServlet类支持http协议。
• GenericServlet类是通用的，支持各种协议，其service()方法为一个抽象方法。
• 故一般继承HttpServlet类来进行Web开发。

二、HttpServlet的service()方法

    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String method = req.getMethod();
        long lastModified;
        if (method.equals("GET")) {
            lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
            if (lastModified == -1L) {
                this.doGet(req, resp);
            } else {
                long ifModifiedSince;
                try {
                    ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader("If-Modified-Since");
                } catch (IllegalArgumentException var9) {
                    ifModifiedSince = -1L;
                }

                if (ifModifiedSince < lastModified / 1000L * 1000L) {
                    this.maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
                    this.doGet(req, resp);
                } else {
                    resp.setStatus(304);
                }
            }
        } else if (method.equals("HEAD")) {
            lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
            this.maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
            this.doHead(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("POST")) {
            this.doPost(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("PUT")) {
            this.doPut(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("DELETE")) {
            this.doDelete(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("OPTIONS")) {
            this.doOptions(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("TRACE")) {
            this.doTrace(req, resp);
        } else {
            String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
            Object[] errArgs = new Object[]{method};
            errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
            resp.sendError(501, errMsg);
        }

    }

• 观察service()方法后，发现其已经对GET、POST等方法请求进行处理，我们只需重写doXXX()方法即可。

三、测试项目
（1）继承HttpServlet类并重写doGet()方法

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
        writer.print("doGet()");
    }
}

（2）编写web.xml文件，配置Servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.wsh.servlet.MyServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/doGet</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

（3）配置Tomcat中的项目上下文路径
（4）运行