linux基础知识之vim基础操作命令（定位，删除，复制，粘贴，替换，搜索，保存，退出）

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工作模型

enter file

• vi filename
• vim filename

exit

• :wq
• :q

input mode

• a (input after cursor， 在光标所在字符后插入 )

• A (input in the end of pointer 在光标所在行尾插入)

• i (input before pointer 在光标所在字符前插入)

• I (insert in the start of new line， 在光标所在行行首插入)

• o (insert below new line 在光标下插入新行)

• O(insert upper new line 在光标上插入新行)

edit mode

• esc
• :

定位命令

locate command

:set nu (set number of line， 设置行号)
:set nonu (reset number of line， 取消行号)
gg (go to first line， 到第一行)
G (go to the last line， 到最后一行)
nG (go to line n， 到第n行)
: n (go to line n ，到第n行)
0 ( go to start of the line，移动到行首)
$ (go to end of the line， 移动到行尾)

删除命令

delete command

x (delete character where pointer located，删除光标所在处字符)
nx (delete n character after the pointer，删除光标所在处后n个字符)
dd (delete current line，删除光标所在行，)
ndd (delete n line，删除光标所在后的n行)
dG (delete to the end of the document，删除光标所在行到文件末尾的内容)
D (delete to the end of this line ，删除光标所在行到行尾内容)
:n1,n2d (delete between n1 and n2 line 删除介于n1和n2的行，删除指定范围的行)

复制和剪切命令

yy (copy current line 复制当前行)
nyy (copy n line below current lint 复制当前行后到n行)
dd (cut current line 剪切当前行)
ndd (cut below current n line 剪切当前行所在的后n行)
p(paste below current line， 复制到当前所在光标下)
P (paste above current line，复制到当前行所在📢上)

替换和取消命令

r (replace character in the cursor 取代光标所在处字符)
R (replace from where the cursor located 从光标所在处开始替换字符)
u ( undo last step 取消上一步操作)

搜索和搜索替换命令

/string (search specified string ,搜索指定字符串，搜索时忽略大小写:set ic)
n (search the next one)
:%s/old/new/g (replace the old string to new one globally.全文替换指定字符串)

 1 i am very happya kkkkk kkkkaaaaaaa,
  2 jjjjiiAiiiij ihshs
  3 
  4 RjjjiIAjjdkdlglg;g;gjfnf mr mr mr nn
  5 oo o ooo oo oo ooo oo oo
  6 
  7 klk lk lk lk lk lk lkl klkl

:%s/oo/OO/g

  1 i am very happya kkkkk kkkkaaaaaaa,
  2 jjjjiiAiiiij ihshs
  3 
  4 RjjjiIAjjdkdlglg;g;gjfnf mr mr mr nn
  5 OO o OOo OO OO OOo OO OO
  6 
  7 klk lk lk lk lk lk lkl klkl
  8 kskskskskskkskskskskskseet
  9 LllllllllllllllllllllL
 10 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
 11 
 12 hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh

:n1,n2s/old/new/g (search between n1 and n2 在n1行和n2行范围内替换指定字符串 /c 会询问 /g不询问)

  1 i am very happya kkkkk kkkkaaaaaaa,
  2 jjjjiiAiiiij ihshs
  3 
  4 RjjjiIAjjdkdlglg;g;gjfnf mr mr mr nn
  5 OO o OOo OO OO OOo OO OO
  6 
  7 klk lk lk lk lk lk lkl klkl
  8 kskskskskskkskskskskskseet
  9 
 10 klk lk lk lk lk lk lkl lklk
 11 lkkl kl lkl klkl lklk lk
 12 
 13 kl kl kl lkl kl kl klk lk
 14 LllllllllllllllllllllL
 15 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
 16 
 17 hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
 18 

:6,13s/klk/KLK/g

  1 i am very happya kkkkk kkkkaaaaaaa,
  2 jjjjiiAiiiij ihshs
  3 
  4 RjjjiIAjjdkdlglg;g;gjfnf mr mr mr nn
  5 OO o OOo OO OO OOo OO OO
  6 
  7 KLK lk lk lk lk lk lkl KLKl
  8 kskskskskskkskskskskskseet
  9 
 10 KLK lk lk lk lk lk lkl lKLK
 11 lkkl kl lkl KLKl lKLK lk
 12 
 13 kl kl kl lkl kl kl KLK lk
 14 LllllllllllllllllllllL
 15 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
 16 
 17 hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
 18
    7 substitutions on 4 lines

保存和退出命令

:w (save change 保存修改)
:w new_filename (save as new_file,另存为)
:wq (save change and exit 保存修改并退出)
ZZ（save change and exit 保存修改并退出 快捷键）
:q! (exit with don’t save change 不保存修改并退出)
:wq! (save change with exit -root root用户与文件所有者可使用)