【第四十讲】Tomcat内嵌容器

【第四十讲】Tomcat内嵌容器

1. 内嵌容器基本使用

2. 内嵌容器加载 DispatherServlet 的时机

Tomcat 基本结构

Server
└───Service
    ├───Connector (协议, 端口)
    └───Engine
        └───Host(虚拟主机 localhost)
            ├───Context1 (应用1, 可以设置虚拟路径, / 即 url 起始路径; 项目磁盘路径, 即 docBase )
            │   │   index.html
            │   └───WEB-INF
            │       │   web.xml (servlet, filter, listener) 3.0
            │       ├───classes (servlet, controller, service ...)
            │       ├───jsp
            │       └───lib (第三方 jar 包)
            └───Context2 (应用2)
                │   index.html
                └───WEB-INF
                        web.xml

关键代码

import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat;
import org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Nio2Protocol;


import javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Set;

public class TestTomcat {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws LifecycleException, IOException {
        // 1.创建 Tomcat 对象
        Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
        tomcat.setBaseDir("tomcat");

        // 2.创建项目文件夹, 即 docBase 文件夹
        File docBase = Files.createTempDirectory("boot.").toFile();
        docBase.deleteOnExit();

        // 3.创建 Tomcat 项目, 在 Tomcat 中称为 Context
        Context context = tomcat.addContext("", docBase.getAbsolutePath());

        // 4.编程添加 Servlet
        context.addServletContainerInitializer(new ServletContainerInitializer() {
            @Override
            public void onStartup(Set<Class<?>> c, ServletContext ctx) throws ServletException {
                HelloServlet helloServlet = new HelloServlet();
                ctx.addServlet("aaa", helloServlet).addMapping("/hello");
            }
        }, Collections.emptySet());

        // 5.启动 Tomcat
        tomcat.start();

        // 6.创建连接器, 设置监听端口
        Connector connector = new Connector(new Http11Nio2Protocol());
        connector.setPort(8080);
        tomcat.setConnector(connector);
    }
}

HelloServlet.java

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().print( "<h3>hello</h3>");
    }
}

集成 Spring 容器

增加一个配置类 Config 和 WebApplicationContext

public static WebApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
    //AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext
    AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
    context.register(Config.class);
    context.refresh();
    return context;
}

@Configuration
static class Config {
    @Bean
    public DispatcherServletRegistrationBean registrationBean(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
        return new DispatcherServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet, "/");
    }

    @Bean
    // 这个例子中必须为 DispatcherServlet 提供 AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext, 否则会选择 XmlWebApplicationContext 实现
    public DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet(WebApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        return new DispatcherServlet(applicationContext);
    }

    @Bean
    public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter requestMappingHandlerAdapter() {
        RequestMappingHandlerAdapter handlerAdapter = new RequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
        handlerAdapter.setMessageConverters(Arrays.asList(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter()));
        return handlerAdapter;
    }

    @RestController
    static class MyController {
        @GetMapping("hello2")
        public Map<String,Object> hello() {
            Map<String,Object> resMap = new HashMap<>();
            resMap.put("hello2", "hello2, spring!");
            return resMap;
        }
    }
}

在浏览器中输入地址，映射结果

更加通用的注册方法