LINUX 安装 ORACLE 12C

root权限
1、准备oracle介质
2、安装oracle依赖的rpm包
https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/80935665

或者

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686
libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 ibXext ibXext.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat

3、查看组是否存在
[root@oracle12c ~]# grep oinstall /etc/group
 [root@oracle12c ~]# grep dba /etc/group
创建oinstall与dba两个组
[root@oracle12c ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
 [root@oracle12c ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
 [root@oracle12c ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oper
查看oracle用户是否存在
[root@oracle12c ~]# id oracle
 id: oracle: No such user
创建oracle用户
[root@oracle12c ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
为oracle用户创建密码
[root@oracle12c ~]# passwd oracle
 4、修改操作系统内核参数
vi命令打开配置文件：
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在文件的末尾添加以下行：
 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
 fs.file-max = 6815744
 #kernel.shmall = 2097152
 #kernel.shmmax = 536870912
 kernel.shmmni = 4096
 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
 net.core.rmem_default = 262144
 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
 net.core.wmem_default = 262144
 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

/sbin/sysctl -p
5、登录root用户，在 /etc/security/limits.conf中添加内容：
 oracle soft nofile 1024
 oracle hard nofile 65536
 oracle soft nproc  2047
 oracle hard nproc  16384
 oracle soft stack  10240
 oracle hard stack  10240
 6、为/u01目录分配权限
[root@oracle12c ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
[root@oracle12c ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01
 7、为oracle用户设置环境变量
使用oracle用户登录，执行
[root@oracle12c ~]# vi ~/.bash_profile
添加以下行：
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
NLS_LANG=American_America.zhs16gbk;export NLS_LANG
ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;export ORA_NLS10
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;export TNS_ADMIN
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
SHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;export SHLIB_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;export CLASSPATH

[oracle@oracle12c ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile
8、修改监听
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC))
      )
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
      )
    )
  )

lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start
9、设置防火墙
iptables -L -n
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT
service iptables restart
service iptables save
iptables -L -n