在测试网络吞吐量时,我们常见的方式都是通过远程拷贝一个文件来大致验证网络吞吐量,但是这种方式可能会受到磁盘自身吞吐量影响,所以我们采取 iperf 命令行工具可以避开受到其他因素影响。该工具可以在Linux 和 Windows 下通用。
一、iPerf 工具下载
- CentOS 安装
# CentOS默认 yum 源没有iperf,epel yum 源库中存在
yum install epel-release
yum update
yum install iperf
- Windows 安装 (直接在官方网站下载即可)
https://iperf.fr/iperf-download.php
二、iPerf 工具使用
iPerf 需要两台机器,一台充当客户端,一台充当服务端。客户端连接上服务测试。
1、TCP 服务端客户端测试
- 在第一台机器上以服务端模式启动
# iperf3 -s
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
- 在第二台机器上以客户端方式连接测试
# iperf3 -c 192.168.6.160
Connecting to host 192.168.6.160, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.1.192 port 20886 connected to 192.168.6.160 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr Cwnd
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 7.63 MBytes 64.0 Mbits/sec 56 32.5 KBytes
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 8.26 MBytes 69.3 Mbits/sec 22 39.6 KBytes
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 7.52 MBytes 63.1 Mbits/sec 35 29.7 KBytes
......
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 71.6 MBytes 60.0 Mbits/sec 430 sender
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 71.3 MBytes 59.8 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
2、UDP 服务端客户端测试
- 服务端依旧加 -s 启动,客户端加上 -u 参数代表使用udp协议,可以测试使用 udp 连接能实现的最大吞吐量
# 加上 -u 参数可以
# iperf3 -c 192.168.6.160 -u
Connecting to host 192.168.6.160, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.1.192 port 38898 connected to 192.168.6.160 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Total Datagrams
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 116 KBytes 950 Kbits/sec 82
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 90
......
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.24 MBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 0.289 ms 1/897 (0.11%)
[ 4] Sent 897 datagrams
iperf Done.
1.05Mbits/sec远低于TCP测试中观察到的值,这是因为默认情况下,iperf 对UDP带宽限制为每秒1 Mbits/sec。如果需要测试UDP网络速度,可以加 -b 参数设置带宽,将数字设置为双方硬件设置端口的最大带宽限制。
# iperf3 -c 192.168.6.160 -u -b 100m
Connecting to host 192.168.6.160, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.1.192 port 63338 connected to 192.168.6.160 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Total Datagrams
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 10.3 MBytes 86.6 Mbits/sec 7479
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 11.4 MBytes 95.6 Mbits/sec 8253
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 11.4 MBytes 95.6 Mbits/sec 8254
......
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 113 MBytes 94.6 Mbits/sec 0.016 ms 1346/81703 (1.6%)
[ 4] Sent 81703 datagrams
iperf Done.
3、Windows 使用
Windows 也是基于命令行使用,可以跟Linux混合测试,使用方式一致。从官网下载好的文件解压放进 C:\Windows 即可。
三、iPerf 参数选项
Usage: iperf [-s|-c host] [options]
iperf [-h|--help] [-v|--version]
Server or Client:
-p, --port # server port to listen on/connect to
-f, --format [kmgKMG] format to report: Kbits, Mbits, KBytes, MBytes
-i, --interval # seconds between periodic bandwidth reports
-F, --file name xmit/recv the specified file
-B, --bind <host> bind to a specific interface
-V, --verbose more detailed output
-J, --json output in JSON format
--logfile f send output to a log file
-d, --debug emit debugging output
-v, --version show version information and quit
-h, --help show this message and quit
Server specific:
-s, --server run in server mode
-D, --daemon run the server as a daemon
-I, --pidfile file write PID file
-1, --one-off handle one client connection then exit
Client specific:
-c, --client <host> run in client mode, connecting to <host>
-u, --udp use UDP rather than TCP
-b, --bandwidth #[KMG][/#] target bandwidth in bits/sec (0 for unlimited)
(default 1 Mbit/sec for UDP, unlimited for TCP)
(optional slash and packet count for burst mode)
-t, --time # time in seconds to transmit for (default 10 secs)
-n, --bytes #[KMG] number of bytes to transmit (instead of -t)
-k, --blockcount #[KMG] number of blocks (packets) to transmit (instead of -t or -n)
-l, --len #[KMG] length of buffer to read or write
(default 128 KB for TCP, 8 KB for UDP)
--cport <port> bind to a specific client port (TCP and UDP, default: ephemeral port)
-P, --parallel # number of parallel client streams to run
-R, --reverse run in reverse mode (server sends, client receives)
-w, --window #[KMG] set window size / socket buffer size
-M, --set-mss # set TCP/SCTP maximum segment size (MTU - 40 bytes)
-N, --no-delay set TCP/SCTP no delay, disabling Nagle's Algorithm
-4, --version4 only use IPv4
-6, --version6 only use IPv6
-S, --tos N set the IP 'type of service'
-Z, --zerocopy use a 'zero copy' method of sending data
-O, --omit N omit the first n seconds
-T, --title str prefix every output line with this string
--get-server-output get results from server
--udp-counters-64bit use 64-bit counters in UDP test packets
[KMG] indicates options that support a K/M/G suffix for kilo-, mega-, or giga-
iperf3 homepage at: http://software.es.net/iperf/
Report bugs to: https://github.com/esnet/iperf