java 通配符的使用，如 private List＜? extends BaseEntity＞ messageList；

java 通配符的使用，如 private List<? extends BaseEntity> messageList;
1、定义统配类

public class BaseEntity implements Serializable {

  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}

2、定义实现统配类的基础类

@Data
@ApiModel("聊天记录窗口版本")
public class ImSessionMessageWinDTO extends BaseEntity implements Cloneable {

  @ApiModelProperty("编号")
  private Long id;
  @ApiModelProperty("创建时间")
  private String time;
  @ApiModelProperty("是否已读")
  private String status;
  @ApiModelProperty("通信内容")
  private String data;
  @ApiModelProperty("是否我发送")
  private String type;
  @ApiModelProperty("用户名称")
  private String userName;
  @ApiModelProperty("用户头像")
  private String userHead;
  }

3、定义实体类

@Data
@ApiModel("会话")
public class ImSessionListDTO extends BaseDTO {

  @ApiModelProperty("会话编号")
  private Long id;
  @ApiModelProperty("会话类型")
  private String type;
  @ApiModelProperty("用户编号")
  private Long user;
  @ApiModelProperty("用户显示名称")
  private String userName;
  @ApiModelProperty("用户类型")
  private String userType;
  @ApiModelProperty("用户头像")
  private String userHead;
  @ApiModelProperty("会话创建时间")
  @JSONField(format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
  private Date createTime;
  @ApiModelProperty("会话状态，0=创建未接入，1=创建已接入，2=已结束")
  private String status;
  @ApiModelProperty("未读消息条数")
  private Integer userUnread;
  @ApiModelProperty("最后一条消息时间")
  private Date lastTime;
  @ApiModelProperty("是否在线")
  private int online;
  @ApiModelProperty("消息列表")
  //以下为统配符定义
  private List<? extends BaseEntity> messageList;
  @ApiModelProperty("当前分页编号")
  private int currentNo;
  @ApiModelProperty("等待时间")
  private String waitTime;
  @ApiModelProperty(value = "最新消息内容")
  private String lastMessageContent;
  @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户电话")
  private String customerPhone;
  @ApiModelProperty("接受会话时间")
  @JSONField(format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
  private Date accessTime;
}

4、controller实现应用

 private BaseResponse<ImSessionListDTO> parseUnreadList(ImSession imSession, User loginUser) {
        try {
            ImSessionListDTO imSessionListDTO = covert(imSession, loginUser);
            User toUser = null;
            if (imSession.getPisToUser().equals(loginUser.getId())) {
                toUser = getUserByType(TerminalType.valueOf(imSession.getPisUserType()), imSession.getPisUser());
            } else {
                toUser = getUserByType(TerminalType.valueOf(imSession.getPisToUserType()), imSession.getPisToUser());
            }
            List<ImSessionMessage> messageList = service.findUnreadMessageList(imSession.getPisId(), imSession.getPisTableIndex());
            List<ImSessionMessageWinDTO> list = new ArrayList<>(messageList.size());
            for (ImSessionMessage item : messageList) {
                ImSessionMessageWinDTO dto = null;
                if (item.getPismFromUser().equals(loginUser.getId())) {
                    dto = new ImSessionMessageWinDTO(item, loginUser.getId(), loginUser.getDisplayName(), loginUser.getUserHead());
                } else {
                    dto = new ImSessionMessageWinDTO(item, loginUser.getId(), toUser.getDisplayName(), toUser.getUserHead());
                }
                list.add(dto);
            }
            // 该位置为统配符使用
            imSessionListDTO.setMessageList(list);
            return new BaseResponse<ImSessionListDTO>(new BaseResult(BaseResultCode.SUCCESS, "获取会话记录成功"), imSessionListDTO);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("获取会话记录报错", e);
            return new BaseResponse<ImSessionListDTO>(new BaseResult(BaseResultCode.FAULT, e.getMessage()), null);
        }
    }

5、总结
private List<? extends BaseEntity> messageList; 定义的统配符意思是该list中泛型可以添加继承过BaseEntity类的所有类，所以只要继承过BaseEntity类就可以作为list中的泛型。