Head First Java 读书笔记（"Sink a Dot Com"游戏完整版）

游戏目标：以最少的猜测次数打掉计算机所安排的达康公司（Dot Com) 网站。计算机会根据你的表现来评分。
初始设置：程序启动后，计算机会在虚拟的7x7方格（从上到下为从A到G，从左到右为从0到6）上安排3个网站（每个网站占据3个格子）。安排完成后，游戏会要求你开始猜坐标。
进行游戏：计算机会提示你输入所猜测的位置（格子），你会输入“A3”或“C5”等。计算机会反馈给你命中“Hit"没中”Miss"或击沉“Sunk”等回应。当你清光所有网站时，游戏会列出你的分数并结束。

与简单版的不同

• DotCom类
  • 增加名称变量，用来保存DotCom的名字，以便击沉它们时列出名字。
• DotComBust类(the game)
  • 创建出3个DotCom
  • 指定DotCom的名称
  • 将DotCom放在方阵上
  • 每次猜测要检查3个DotCom
  • 击沉3个DotCom后才能结束游戏
  • 脱离main()

代码

• DotComBust.java

package dotComGame;

import java.util.*;

public class DotComBust {
	private GameHelper helper = new GameHelper();
	private ArrayList<DotCom> dotComsList = new ArrayList<DotCom>();
	private int numOfGuesses = 0;
	
	private void setUpGame() {
		// first make some dot coms and give them locations
		DotCom one = new DotCom();
		one.setName("Pets.com");
		DotCom two = new DotCom();
		two.setName("eToys.com");
		DotCom three = new DotCom();
		three.setName("Go2.com");
		dotComsList.add(one);
		dotComsList.add(two);
		dotComsList.add(three);
		
		System.out.println("Your goal is to sink three dot coms.");
		System.out.println("Pets.com, eToys.com, Go2.com");
		System.out.println("Try to sink them all in the fewest number of guesses");
		
		for (DotCom dotComToSet : dotComsList) {
			ArrayList<String> newLocation = helper.placeDotCom(3);
			dotComToSet.setLocationCells(newLocation);
		}
		
	}
	
	private void startPlaying() {
		while(!dotComsList.isEmpty()) {
			String userGuess = helper.getUserInput("Enter a guess");
			checkUserGuess(userGuess);
		}
		finishGame();
	}
	
	private void checkUserGuess(String userGuess) {
		numOfGuesses++;
		String result = "miss";
		for (DotCom dotComToTest : dotComsList) {
			result = dotComToTest.checkYourself(userGuess);
			if (result.equals("hit")) {
				break;
			}
			if (result.equals("kill")) {
				dotComsList.remove(dotComToTest);
				break;
			}
		}
		System.out.println(result);
	}
	
	private void finishGame() {
		System.out.println("All Dot Coms are dead! Your stock is now worthless.");
		if (numOfGuesses <= 18) {
			System.out.println("It only took you " + numOfGuesses + " guesses");
			System.out.println(" You got out before your options sank.");
		} else {
			System.out.println("Took you long enough. " + numOfGuesses + " guesses.");
			System.out.println("Fish are dancing with youe options");
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		DotComBust game = new DotComBust();
		game.setUpGame();
		game.startPlaying();
	}

}

• DotCom.java

package dotComGame;

import java.util.*;

public class DotCom {
	private ArrayList<String> locationCells;
	private String name;
	
	public void setLocationCells(ArrayList<String> loc) {
		locationCells = loc;
	}
	
	public void setName(String n) {
		name = n;
	}
	
	public String checkYourself(String userInput) {
		String result = "miss";
		int index = locationCells.indexOf(userInput);
		if (index >= 0) {
			 locationCells.remove(index); // 删除被猜中的元素
			 
			 if (locationCells.isEmpty()) {
				 System.out.println("Ouch! You sunk + " + name + " : ( ");
			 } else {
				 result = "hit";
			 } 
		} 
		return result;
	}
}

• GameHelper.java

package dotComGame;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class GameHelper {

	private static final String alphabet = "abcdefg";
	private int gridLength = 7;
	private int gridSize = 49;
	private int [] grid = new int[gridSize];
	private int comCount = 0;
	
	public String getUserInput(String prompt) {
		String inputLine = null;
		System.out.print(prompt + " ");
		try {
			BufferedReader is = new BufferedReader(
					new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			inputLine = is.readLine();
			if (inputLine.length() == 0) return null;
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.out.println("IOException: " + e);
		}
		return inputLine.toLowerCase();
	}
	
	public ArrayList<String> placeDotCom(int comSize) {
		ArrayList<String> alphaCells = new ArrayList<String>();
		String [] alphacoords = new String [comSize]; // 保存字符串
		String temp = null; // 临时字符串
		int [] coords = new int[comSize]; // 现有字符串
		int attempts = 0; // 目前测试的字符串
		boolean success = false; // 判断是否找到合适的位置
		int location = 0; // 目前起点
		
		comCount++; // 现在处理到第n个
		int incr = 1; // 水平增量
		if ((comCount % 2) == 1) { // 如果是单数号的
			incr = gridLength; // 垂直增量
		}
		
		while ( !success && attempts++ < 20) { // 主要搜索循环
			location = (int) (Math.random() * gridSize); // 随机起点
			// System.out.print(" try " + location);
			int x = 0; // 第n个位置
			success = true; // 假定成功
			while (success && x < comSize) { // 查找未使用的点
				if (grid[location] == 0) { // 如果没有使用
					coords[x++] = location; // 储存位置
					location += incr; // 尝试下一个点
					if (location >= gridSize) { // 超出下边缘
						success = false; // 失败
					}	
				} else { // 找到已经使用的位置
					// System.out.print(" used " + location);
					success = false; // 失败
				}
			}
		}
		
		int x = 0; // 将位置转换成字符串形式
		int row = 0;
		int column = 0;
		// System.out.println("\n");
		while (x < comSize) {
			grid[coords[x]] = 1; // 标识格子已用
			row = (int) (coords[x] / gridLength); // 得到行的值
			column = coords[x] % gridLength; // 得到列的值
			temp = String.valueOf(alphabet.charAt(column)); // 转换成字符串
			alphaCells.add(temp.concat(Integer.toString(row)));
			x++;
			// System.out.print(" coord "+x+" = " + alphaCells.get(x-1));
		}
		
		// System.out.println("\n");
		return alphaCells;
	}
	
}