Linux 复制虚拟机

在visual box直接点击右键复制，注意要重新初始化网卡

---

修改主机名

hostname   #查看主机名
uname -n   #查看主机名

vi /etc/hostname   #修改ubuntu主机名
vi /etc/sysconfig/network   #修改其它版本linux主机名

vi /etc/hosts   #同时也要修改hosts中的主机名

---

安装ssh

apt list --installed | grep ssh  #检查是否安装ssh  ubuntu
rpm -qa | grep ssh   #检查是否安装ssh  centos

apt install openssh-server  #安装ssh server
apt install openssh-client  #安装ssh client

systemctl status sshd  #检查ssh服务状态
netstat -antlp | grep sshd  #检查sshd监听端口

---

修改网卡信息和IP地址（仅适用于centos6，ubuntu不需要）

直接修改IP地址会导致错误: Device eth0 does not seem to be present, 所以要按一下步骤执行：
首先，打开/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules内容如下面例子所示：

# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x1022:0x2000 (pcnet32)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:8f:89:9
7", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x1022:0x2000 (pcnet32)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:50:bd:1
7", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"

记录下，eth1网卡的mac地址00:0c:29:50:bd:17
接下来，打开/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
将 DEVICE=”eth0” 改成 DEVICE=”eth1” ,
将 HWADDR=”00:0c:29:8f:89:97” 改成上面的mac地址 HWADDR=”00:0c:29:50:bd:17”
最后，重启网络
service network restart

---

修改成静态IP地址

# for ubuntu 16.04
sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

# The "primary" network interface 
auto enp0s3
iface enp0s3 inet dhcp

# 将以上内容修改为：
# The primary network interface
auto enp0s3
iface enp0s3 inet static
address 192.168.1.171
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameserver 119.29.29.29   #这句一定要有

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart  #重启network