python学习笔记之（三）7.1用户输入

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-22 15:20:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-22 15:20:27 发布

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1.函数input()可以让程序暂停，等待用户输入一些文本。获取到用户输入之后，将其存入一个变量之中，方便你之后的调用。

message = input("please input somthing, and I will repeat in back to you :")
print(message)
----------
result：
    please input somthing, and I will repeat in back to you :1
    1

2.使用input函数返回的是字符串类型的数据，不能与整形的数据比较。若你试图让用户输入的数据与某一数值比较的话，可调用函数int().有点类似于C语言中强转的意味，把input返回的数据类型强转为整形数据。
示例1.

age = input("How old are you: ")
age  = int(age)
if age >= 18:
    print("True")
----------
Result：
    How old are you: 19
    True

示例2.

height = input("How tall are you, in inches?")
height = int(height)
if height > 37:
    print("\nYou're tall enough to ride.")
else:
    print("\nYou're too short to ride.")
----------
Result:
    How tall are you, in inches?88

    You're tall enough to ride.

3.求膜·运算符（%取余）

4.使用while循环
示例1.当用户输入“quit”时，退出程序。while是一个等待循环，若输入的为‘quit’则跳过while循环内容，程序结束。

prompt = "\nTell me something, Enter 'quit' to end the program: "
message = ""
while message != 'quit':
    message = input(prompt)
    if message != 'quit':
        print(message)
----------
Result：
    Tell me something, Enter 'quit' to end the program: aaaa
    aaaa

    Tell me something, Enter 'quit' to end the program: quit
    Process finished with exit code 0

程序中有很多不同的情况会阻止程序运行，若都用while + and 判断太蠢了。此时，我们可以设置一个标志位，while只需判断该标志位即可做出判断。
示例2.

prompt = "\nTell me something, Enter 'quit' to end the program: "
flag = False
while flag != True:
    message = input(prompt)
    if message != 'quit':
        print(message)
    else:
        flag = Tru
----------
Result:
    Tell me something, Enter 'quit' to end the program: jj
    jj

    Tell me something, Enter 'quit' to end the program: quit

    Process finished with exit code 0

**4.使用break退出循环
break可退出当前循环，执行循环之后的代码。
示例1.**

prompt = "\n Please enter the name of a city you have visited:"
prompt += "\n(Enter 'quit' when you are finished)"
while True:
    city = input(prompt)
    if city == 'quit':
        break
    else:
        print(city.title())

----------
Result：
    Please enter the name of a city you have visited:
    (Enter 'quit' when you are finished) aaaa
    Aaaa

    Please enter the name of a city you have visited:
    (Enter 'quit' when you are finished)quit

    Process finished with exit code 0