- 调用函数时,python必须将调用中的每个实参都关联到函数定义中的一个形参。基于实参的顺序的关联方式叫做位置实参
注意实参的位置,以免闹笑话
示例1.
def describe_pets(type, name):
print("I have a " + type + ".")
print("It's name is " + name)
describe_pets('dog', 'bob')
----------
Result:
I have a dog.
It's name is bob
2.关键字实参
关键字实参时传递给函数的名称-值对。在实参的位置将形参与对应的值联系起来,则无需考虑顺序问题。
示例2.
def describe_pets(type, name):
print("I have a " + type + ".")
print("It's name is " + name)
describe_pets('dog', 'bob')
describe_pets(name = 'lady', type = 'cat')
----------
Result:
I have a dog.
It's name is bob
I have a cat.
It's name is lady
3.默认值
在函数定义时,缺省输入函数的形参可指定默认形参值。若该形参位置无实参输入则输出默认值,若有,则输出指定的实参值。
第二行形参前指定了第一个形参的默认值,编译器也会提示第二个形参未指定默认值。(pycharm)
使用你所熟悉的函数传参方式即可。
def describe_pets(name, type = 'dog'):
print("I have a " + type + ".")
print("It's name is " + name)
describe_pets(name = 'bob')
describe_pets(name = 'lady', type = 'cat')
----------
Result:
I have a dog.
It's name is bob
I have a cat.
It's name is lady