ThreadLocal类与Synchonized对象锁的区别

package com.brook.demo.threalocal;

import java.util.Random;

public class ThreadLocalDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        School school = new School();
        Thread thread = new Thread(school);
        thread.start();
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(school);
        thread2.start();
    }
}


class School implements Runnable{
    private ThreadLocal<Student> sutdentPool = new ThreadLocal<Student>();

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        accessStudent();
    }


    public void accessStudent() {
        Student  stu= this.getSudent();
         Random random = new Random();  
         int age = random.nextInt(100);  
         stu.setAge(age);
         System.out.println("current thread first get age " + Thread.currentThread() + ":" + stu.getAge());


         try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
         }
         System.out.println("current thread second get age "+ Thread.currentThread() + ":" + stu.getAge());  



    }

    public Student getSudent() {
        Student stu= sutdentPool.get();
        if(stu==null) {
            stu=new Student();
            sutdentPool.set(stu);
        }
        return stu;
    }
}



class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

}

概括起来说，对于多线程资源共享的问题，同步机制采用了“以时间换空间”的方式，而ThreadLocal采用了“以空间换时间”的方式。前者仅提供一份变量，让不同的线程排队访问，而后者为每一个线程都提供了一份变量，因此可以同时访问而互不影响。

ThreadLocal和Synchonized都用于解决多线程并发访问。但是ThreadLocal与synchronized有本质的区别。synchronized是利用锁的机制，使变量或代码块在某一时该只能被一个线程访问。而ThreadLocal为每一个线程都提供了变量的副本，使得每个线程在某一时间访问到的并不是同一个对象，这样就隔离了多个线程对数据的数据共享。而Synchronized却正好相反，它用于在多个线程间通信时能够获得数据共享。