linux下安装 myql8

一、linux下mysql的安装

1. 下载

   https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2. 安装

   这是官方的安装步骤

   https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/binary-installation.html

• 解压

sudo tar -xvJf mysql-8.0.12-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local  

• 创建软连接并创建data文件（用来放数据文件）

cd /usr/local
sudo ln -s mysql-8.0.12-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql  //方便操作而已
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

• 创建用户

sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

• 修改文件所有者

 sudo chown -R mysql:mysql ./

• 安装（初始化）

sudo ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

• 成功之后会看到(记住这个初始密码)

2019-02-20T14:49:42.537551Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.15) initializing of server in progress as process 16233
2019-02-20T14:49:54.408572Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 4*****W//这里是初始密码
2019-02-20T14:49:58.818568Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.15) initializing of server has completed

二、mysql的启动

linux 启动mysql的两种方式：

• 直接进入安装目录启动 mysql.server

  sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
  

  

• 还有一种方式是把这个服务放到将mysql进程放入系统进程中

  1. 首先把这个服务复制一份系统服务中

     sudo cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
     

  2. 重启系统查看是不是已经有了这个服务

     systemctl list-units --type=service
     

     

  3. 通过service 启动

     service mysqld start  启动
     service mysqld stop   关闭
     

三、进入使用阶段

启动好服务之后，登录进入MySQL

mysql -h host -u root -p

使用上面生产的初始密码可以啦 ，第一次登之后会要求改密码的！

注意！！！

host是你的主机，我本地的所以是localhost

1. 基本命令

   • 查看有哪些数据库

   show databases
   

   

   • 创建数据库

     create database mysql2
     

   • 使用某个数据库

     use 数据库名
     

   • 查看有哪些表

     show tables
     

四、创建远程登录用户

1. 创建登录用户

   root1 用户名

   %代表所有主机都可以

   mysql>  create user 'root1'@'%' identified by 'root1';
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec
   

   创建成功

   mysql> SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: [', user, '''@''', host, '];') AS USER_HOST FROM user;
   +---------------------------------------+
   | USER_HOST                             |
   +---------------------------------------+
   | User: [root1'@'%];                    |
   | User: [mysql.infoschema'@'localhost]; |
   | User: [mysql.session'@'localhost];    |
   | User: [mysql.sys'@'localhost];        |
   | User: [root'@'localhost];             |
   +---------------------------------------+
   5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
   
   

2. 授权登录

   mysql>  grant all privileges on mysql2 to 'root1'@'%' with grant option;
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
   
   

• 给外网ip在数据库“mysql2”中 表的创建、修改、删除的权限,以及表数据的增删查改权限

  	grant create,alter,drop,select,insert,update,delete on mysql2.*  to root1@'%'
  

• 查看授权情况

  		show grants for test
  		mysql> show grants for root1;
  		+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  		| Grants for root1@%                                                                     |
  		+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  		| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `root1`@`%`                                                      |
  		| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, ALTER ON `mysql2`.* TO `root1`@`%` |
  		| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `mysql`.`mysql2` TO `test`@`%` WITH GRANT OPTION              |
  		+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  		3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  
  

• 取消授权

  revoke all on *.* from root1@localhost;
  
  

3. 刷新

   mysql> flush privileges;
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
   
   

4. 修改登录验证方式

   因为mysql8用caching_sha2_password的方式，

   改成mysql_native_password方式

   mysql> alter user 'root1'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'root1';
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
   
   mysql> flush privileges;
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
   
   

   修改成功的结果

   mysql> select user,host,plugin,authentication_string from user;
   +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | user             | host      | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
   +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | root1            | %         | mysql_native_password | *6C5083122F877455EF5E7B0165C9098F15F0D511                              |
   | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
   | mysql.session    | localhost | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
   | mysql.sys        | localhost | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
   | root             | localhost | mysql_native_password | *9C0FBC8584D076AC91CD87DA715977F36B55FCC8                              |
   +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
   
   

5. 登录

   只有图！！！

   

6. 删除用户

   mysql> Delete FROM mysql.user Where User='root1';
   Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
   mysql> flush privileges;
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
   
   mysql> drop user 'root1'@'%';
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
   
   

反正之后就是sql语法的事情啦
create ~~