提交线程
- void execute(Runnable command)
- Future<?> submit(Runnable task)
- 批量提交任务时,用List来批量接收结果
NamedThreadFactory namedThreadFactory = new NamedThreadFactory("xx元数据", false);
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 5, 5,
TimeUnit.MINUTES, new SynchronousQueue<>(),
namedThreadFactory, new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
Callable<String> callable=()->{
Thread.sleep(500);
return Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "demo";
};
ArrayList<Future<String>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i <100 ; i++) {
Future<String> submit = threadPoolExecutor.submit(callable);
futures.add(submit);
}
for (Future<String> future : futures) {
String s = future.get();
System.out.println(s);
}
}
- <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
Callable<Double> objectCallable =Math::random;
ArrayList<Callable<Double>> futureTasks = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
futureTasks.add(objectCallable);
}
List<Future<Double>> futures = executorService.invokeAll(futureTasks);
futures.forEach(e->{
try {
System.out.println(e.get(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS));
} catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException | TimeoutException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
});
获取子线程执行结果
1. get
- 任务正常完成∶get方法会立刻返回结果
- 任务尚未完成(任务还没开始或进行中)∶get将阻塞并直到任务完成。
- 任务执行过程中抛出Exception∶get方法会抛出ExecutionException∶这里的抛出异常,是call执行时产生的那个异常,看到这个异常类型是java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException。不论call执行时抛出的异常类型是什么,最后get方法抛出的异常类型都是ExecutionException。
- 任务被取消∶get方法会抛出CancellationException
2. get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
如果call在规定时间内完成了任务,那么就会正常获取到返回值;而如果再指定时间内没有计算出结果,那么就会抛出TimeoutException,超时不获取,任务需取消
3. isDone()轮询
轮询的方式会耗费无谓的CPU资源,而且也不见得能及时地得到计算结果.
如果想要异步获取结果,通常都会以轮询的方式去获取结果 ,尽量不要阻塞
FutureTask<String> futureTask = new FutureTask<>(() -> {
System.out.println("-----come in FutureTask");
try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
return ""+ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(100);
});
new Thread(futureTask,"t1").start();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"线程完成任务");
/** * 用于阻塞式获取结果,如果想要异步获取结果,通常都会以轮询的方式去获取结果 */ while(true)
{
if (futureTask.isDone())
{
System.out.println(futureTask.get());
break;
}
}
4. 总结
- 不见不散
- 过时不候
- 轮询