第一个Docker应用

1、新建一个空的目录例如dockertest
2、在刚刚新建的目录下新建文件Dockerfile写入如下内容：

# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
FROM python:2.7-slim

# Set the working directory to /app
WORKDIR /app

# Copy the current directory contents into the container at /app
ADD . /app

# Install any needed packages specified in requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

# Make port 80 available to the world outside this container
EXPOSE 80

# Define environment variable
ENV NAME World

# Run app.py when the container launches
CMD ["python", "app.py"]

3、在刚刚新建的目录下新建文件requirements.txt写入如下内容：

Flask
Redis

4、在刚刚新建的目录下新建文件app.py写入如下内容：

from flask import Flask
from redis import Redis, RedisError
import os
import socket

# Connect to Redis
redis = Redis(host="redis", db=0, socket_connect_timeout=2, socket_timeout=2)

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def hello():
    try:
        visits = redis.incr("counter")
    except RedisError:
        visits = "<i>cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled</i>"

    html = "<h3>Hello {name}!</h3>" \
           "<b>Hostname:</b> {hostname}<br/>" \
           "<b>Visits:</b> {visits}"
    return html.format(name=os.getenv("NAME", "world"), hostname=socket.gethostname(), visits=visits)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=80)

5、构建应用

docker build -t friendlyhello .

6、运行应用

docker run -p 4000:80 friendlyhello

通过浏览器访问 IP:4000
结果如下：

Hello World!
Hostname: 013c74e459b5
Visits: cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled

7、退出应用

Ctrl + C

8、在后台运行应用

docker run -d -p 4000:80 friendlyhello

9、查看容器ID

docker ps

10、关闭容器编号：

docker stop 容器ID

11、分享镜像

a)在 cloud.docker.com注册一个账户
b) 使用命令docker login登录
c)给镜像打标签
docker tag image username/repository:tag
例如：docker tag friendlyhello john/get-started:part1
d)发布镜像
docker push username/repository:tag
发布完成后到 https://hub.docker.com/  可以看到你刚刚发布的镜像

12、运行远程镜像仓库的镜像

docker run -p 4000:80 username/repository:tag

参考地址：https://docs.docker.com/get-started/part2/