SSM快速搭建笔记
1、SSM组成部分 Spring + SpringMVC + Mybatis
2、本教程基于idea 和 maven 来实现ssm的搭建工作
3、开始
1. 使用idea创建一个maven web 项目。注意！：一定要选自己已经配置好的maven环境【带阿里云的】
2. 检查项目结构是否正常，在控制台中是否出现build success字样 ，如果没有视为创建失败
3. 找到项目的pom.xml（项目依赖管理文件），并写入如下代码( 在标签中)
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<version>1.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- c3p0 数据库连接池 start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- c3p0 数据库连接池 end -->
<!-- jsp-servlet支持 start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp-servlet支持 end -->
<!-- 标签库 start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>taglibs-standard-spec</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 标签库 end -->
<!-- apache的commons系列包 start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- apache的commons系列包 end -->
<!-- apache 工具包 start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
<artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- apache 工具包 end -->
<!-- spring start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-instrument-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring start -->
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis end -->
<!--日志管理 start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志管理 end-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail -->
<!--getter setter 注解 start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--getter setter 注解 end-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId>
<artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId>
<version>1.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--TODO 数据校验-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.13.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
<artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
<version>3.4.2.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!--todo json-->
<!--json start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.verson}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.verson}</version>
</dependency>
<!--json end-->
4. 找到pom.xml中的标签并填入如下代码
<spring.version>4.0.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson.verson>2.8.7</jackson.verson>
5. 选中main文件夹 创建Java源文件夹 和resources配置文件夹并将其标记成对应类型
6. 在Java源文件夹中创建如下包
-
com(根域名)
-
project(根域名)
-
smm(项目包名)
-
common(存放项目中所有的公共类，比如统一返回对象)
-
dao(存放dao层接口，起名方式为*Mapper.java)
-
service(存放项目中所有业务逻辑接口)
- impl(存放接口的具体实现方法)
-
controller(控制层 负责调用service层来实现业务调用)
-
util(工具类，如分页工具类，日期格式转换之类的工具)
-
entity(实体类，主要负责MySQL字段和Java属性的一一对应)
-
vo(view-object 视图对象，当页面中所需要的字段超过单表，与实体类冲突时，可以使用vo实现)
-
-
-
7. 在resources文件夹中创建如下内容
- resources
- mappers (【文件夹】存放所有的mapper映射文件，这里的映射文件要和dao层接口一一对应)
- applicationContext.xml (spring-mybatis配置文件，主要负责全项目的注解扫描、对象创建等服务)
- applicationContext-MVC.xml (spring mvc 方向的配置文件，主要负责文件上传、视图解析器、格式化日期格式，消息转换器等配置内容)
- db.properties(数据库信息配置文件)
- logback.xml(日志记录配置文件)
8. 编辑web.xml【全局最大的配置文件，在项目启动时会优先加载次配置文件】
-
更换配置头部信息因为web2.3不支持el与jstl表达式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!--todo web2.3不支持el表达式 升级到3.0即可--> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> -
写入如下代码
<!--todo 监听上下文启动--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--todo 配置spring容器加载配置文件，这里一定要写对名字不带mvc的内个--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--todo 配置spring-mvc相关内容--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--TODO 访问时加载配置文件--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--todo 配置过滤器，如果页面在传递数据时乱码，配置这个贼好使--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <!--todo 这里一定要写 /* 过滤所有请求--> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
9. applicationContext.xml内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- todo 开启注释扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.project"/>
<!-- TODO 引入配置文件 classpath*如果不写 将找不到配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:db.properties"/>
<!-- todo 配置数据源 连接数据库用-->
<bean class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DriverManagerDataSource" id="dataSource">
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
</bean>
<!-- todo 配置工厂 mybatis连接数据库创建会话用-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--TODO ref为引入配置-->
<!--TODO 配置会话工厂数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--TODO value为手动配置内容-->
<!--TODO 配置实体类的别名 暂时没用过-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.project.ssm.entity"/>
<!-- todo 映射文件位置 这里同样采用固定位置查找配置文件-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mappers/*Mapper.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- todo 扫描dao层接口-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.project.ssm.dao"/>
</bean>
<!-- TODO 配置事务管理-->
<bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- TODO 由于此次没有增删改操作，所以不写声明式事务-->
</beans>
10. applicationContext-mvc.xml内容
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--TODO 开启注解扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.project"/>
<!--TODO 全局异常处理-->
<!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<!– 配置错误信息的参数名称–>
<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="exception"/>
<!– 展示错误信息的页面–>
<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
</bean>-->
<!--todo 配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--TODO 绕过静态资源-->
<!--todo 标注控制层-->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService2"/>
<!-- /css/** 两个*是表示这个文件及里面的子文件夹，如果一个*就不包含这个目录里面的子文件夹。-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/statics/**" location="/statics/"/>
<!--TODO 配置date转换 手动映射-->
<bean class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean" id="conversionService2">
<property name="converters">
<set>
<bean class="com.project.ssm.utils.DateConvert"/>
</set>
</property>
</bean>
<!--TODO 文件上传配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" id="multipartResolver">
<!--设置最大文件大小 字节数-->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="40960000000"/>
<!--设置默认上传编码-->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<!--设置超过多大不传入内存-->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"/>
</bean>
</beans>
```
**至此所有的SSM配置工作完成**
4、项目中注解的解释
- @Service 向spring容器注入当前类为service层，用于service的实现类上！
- @Controller 标注当前类为控制层
- @RequestMapping 这个注释比较厉害，可以修饰类，也可以修饰方法，主要作用是只要被标注，就说明可以解决网络请求和响应
- @Resources 注入其他类，【这里特别容易空指针，请注意扫描内容】
- @ResponseBody 表示当前方法返回内容不走视图解析器
- @RequestParam 主要用来接受前端传来的参数，主要负责当前端参数名称和后端参数名称不对应的情况，如果mvc中的一个参数被此注解，默认为必传参数，如果不传会报500错误
- @PathVariable 主要用于restful风格，从路径中获取参数
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