logback：spring boot集成配置及独立配置

spring boot日志框架

• spring内部日志框架JCL

• spring-boot-starter-logging默认slf4j+logback

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  

• slf4j相当于接口，logback作为实现，可以选择配置不同的日志实现，统一由slf4j输出

• 替换日志实现

  • spring-boot-starter-web、spring-boot-starter中剔除logback，导入其他日志框架

  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      <exclusions>
          <exclusion>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
          </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  

• spring boot默认输出root级别：输出所有日志中info级别以上日志，因此debug级别必须显式配置

logback配置

1. logback相比log4j，没有FATAL级别，该级别并入ERROR

2. application.yml配置：logback日志格式设置

   logging:
     pattern:
       console: '%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}|%cyan(${spring.application.name})|%highlight(%-5level)|%boldYellow([%t]) |%magenta(%logger{64}) |%X{sahara-log-id} |%msg%n'
       file: '%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}|${spring.application.name}|%-5level|[%t] |%logger{64} |%X{sahara-log-id} |%msg%n'
   

   • %d：输出时间
   • %clr：可自定义颜色
   • %t：线程
   • %X：MDC(“Mapped Diagnostic Context”（映射诊断上下文）)，用于追踪请求
   • %logger{}：输出logger，参数限定输出长度，超长将缩写
   • %后接-表示最小长度，左对齐右填充

3. spring-boot内置配置：logback、log4j2、JUL默认配置文件，主要了解logback默认配置

   • base.xml预设日志文件输出路径，配置root输出级别是level，引入预先配置的console、file输出

     <included>
        <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml" />
        <property name="LOG_FILE" value="${LOG_FILE:-${LOG_PATH:-${LOG_TEMP:-${java.io.tmpdir:-/tmp}}}/spring.log}"/>
        <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/console-appender.xml" />
        <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml" />
        <root level="INFO">
           <appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
           <appender-ref ref="FILE" />
        </root>
     </included>
     

   • defaults.xml预设日志输出格式，配置部分logger输出级别

     <included>
        <conversionRule conversionWord="clr" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.ColorConverter"