CentOS7 安装Oracle11g
一、安装前的准备
1.修改stsctl.conf文件(修改内核参数)
1.1 使用vi编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件:
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
1.2 在文件末尾加入以下内容(复制自Oracle 11g官方文档):
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304
2.修改limits.conf(oracle)
2.1 使用vi编辑/etc/security/limits.conf文件:
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
2.2 在文件末尾加入以下内容:
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle hard stack 10240
3.重新启动系统让h参数生效
4.创建oracle系统用户和安装目录
4.1 创建组dba:
groupadd dba
4.2 创建oracle用户:
useradd oracle
4.3 将oracle用户添加到dba组:
usermod -g dba oracle
4.4 给这个用户加一个密码:
passwd oracle
4.5 为Oracle创建安装目录:
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
4.6 将文件的属主改为Oracle,属组改为dba:
chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle
4.7 修改文件的访问权限为777:
chmod -R 777 /u01/app/oracle
4.8 切换到oracle用户
su - oracle
5.配置oracle环境变量
5.1 使用vi编辑/etc/profile文件:
sudo vi /etc/profile
5.2 添加环境变量和hosts
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_2
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
5.2 添加/etc/hosts中dns解析信息
192.168.11.128 xlsun(这个是你安装linux时的主机名)
192.168.11.128 localhost
二、安装Oracle
1.创建安装目录并将其属组改为Oracle
su root
mkdir /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
2. 挂载oracle安装镜像文件
sudo mount /home/oracle/down/Oracle_11gR2_Linux_x86_64.iso /u01
3.设置编码
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
4.执行安装程序
/u01/runInstaller
5.进入oracle图形安装界面(略)
ORACLE依赖包yum安装:
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static glibc glibc-common glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel kernelheaders pdksh pcre-devel readline rlwrap
注意:青确保你的系统有大于2G的内存,大于3G的swap分区,如内存,swap分区、依赖包都没问题,检查还是不通过,直接忽略,进入最后的安装
三、启动oracle监听和数据库
1.配置oracle监听
1.1 进入监听配置文件目录
cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
1.2 修改listener.ora配置文件
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_2)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.11.128)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = //u01/app/oracle
1.3 修改tnsnames.ora配置文件
orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.11.128)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
1.4 启动oracle监听
lsnrctl start
2.启动数据库
sqlplus /onlog
conn / as sysdba
startup