在Servlet容器初始化时,Servlet容器将ServletConfig传递给Servlet的init方法 。 ServletConfig封装可以通过@WebServlet 或者不熟描述符传给一个Servlet的配置信息。以这种方式传递的每一条信息都称为初始参数。
为了从一个Servlet内部获取某个初始参数的值,应该在由Servlet容器传递给Servlet容器的getinitParameter方法,获取getinitParameter 方法的签名如下:
servletConfig.getInitParameter(NAME)
servletConfig.getInitParameterName( )
除了getInitParameter 和 getInitParameterName之外,还有另一个方法有用:getServletContext。利用这个方法可以从Servlet内部获取ServletContext。
下面举例:
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class ServletConfigDemo implements Servlet{
private transient ServletConfig servletConfig;
public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
return servletConfig;
}
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
this.servletConfig = config;
System.out.println("***init***");
}
public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletConfig servletConfig = getServletConfig();
String admin = servletConfig.getInitParameter("admin");
String email = servletConfig.getInitParameter("email");
ServletContext context = servletConfig.getServletContext();
res.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter writer = res.getWriter();
writer.print("<html><head></head><body>"+"Admin:"+admin+"<br/>Email:"+email+"<br/>ServletContext:"+context+"</body></html>");
}
public String getServletInfo() {
return "ServletConfig demo";
}
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
下面是Web.XML 文件的配置
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ServletConfig</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.ServletConfigDemo</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>admin</param-name>
<param-value>zhangsan</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>email</param-name>
<param-value>111111111@qq.com</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ServletConfig</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/config</url-pattern>
</servletmapping>