IP6是128位的长度,一个long是64位的长度,2个long正好够一个IP6的长度位数。
代码如下:
/**
* 将 IPv6 地址转为 long 数组,只支持冒分十六进制表示法
*/
public static long[] ip2Longs(String ipString) {
if (ipString == null || ipString.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("ipString cannot be null.");
}
String[] ipSlices = ipString.split(":");
if (ipSlices.length != 8) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(ipString + " is not an ipv6 address.");
}
long[] ipv6 = new long[2];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
String slice = ipSlices[i];
// 以 16 进制解析
long num = Long.parseLong(slice, 16);
// 每组 16 位
long right = num << (16 * (8 - i - 1));
// 每个 long 保存四组,i >> 2 = i / 4 ,i对4取余,其实就是前4个在数组0下标位置,后面4个在下标1位置。
ipv6[i >> 2] |= right;
}
return ipv6;
}
/**
* 将 long 数组转为冒分十六进制表示法的 IPv6 地址
*/
public static String longs2Ip(long[] numbers) {
if (numbers == null || numbers.length != 2) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(Arrays.toString(numbers) + " is not an IPv6 address.");
}
Joiner joiner = Joiner.on(":");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (long numSlice : numbers) {
String[] ip = new String[4];
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
// 取最后 16 位
long current = numSlice & 0xFFFF;
ip[3 - j] = Long.toString(current, 16);
// 右移 16 位,即去除掉已经处理过的 16 位
numSlice >>= 16;
}
sb.append(joiner.join(ip)).append(":");
}
// 去掉最后的 :
return sb.substring(0, sb.length() - 1);
}
对应的测试代码:
@Test
public void last() {
turn("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0");
turn("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1");
turn("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2");
turn("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:3");
turn("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:4");
turn("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:5");
turn("0:0:0:1:0:0:0:5");
turn("0:0:0:2:0:0:0:5");
turn("0:0:0:3:0:0:0:5");
turn("0:0:0:4:0:0:0:5");
turn("0:0:0:5:0:0:0:5");
turn("0:0:0:f:0:0:0:F");
turn("0:0:0:10:0:0:0:F");
}
private void turn(String ip6) {
long[] longs = Tools.ip2Longs(ip6);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(longs));
String s = Tools.longs2Ip(longs);
System.out.println(s);
}
测试结果截图:
使用的IP6都是比较简单的,目测都能算出来对应的数组是啥。
追加的测试:
/**
* 下面几种形式的IP6都是合法的正确的IP地址
*/
@Test
public void isRightIp6() {
List<String> ip6s = Lists.newArrayList("1::1",
"7654:0:ffff:7654:562:222:ab:ab2",
"7654:00:ffff:7654:562:222:ab:ab2",
"7654:000:ffff:7654:562:222:ab:ab2",
"7654:0000:ffff:7654:562:222:ab:ab2",
"::1",
"2001:0db8:85a3:000:0:8A2E::q");
//是否是正确的IP6
ip6s.forEach(s -> System.out.println(IPAddressUtil.isIPv6LiteralAddress(s)));
//转成byte数组,一个byte是8个二进制位,一个IP6转成数组之后,数组length = 16,总位 128 = 8 * 16
ip6s.forEach(s -> System.out.println(Arrays.toString(IPAddressUtil.textToNumericFormatV6(s))));
}
测试结果:
可见IP6的写法是相当的花里胡哨。