MyBatis框架学习笔记04-利用MyBatis实现关联查询

一、建表以及插入数据

CREATE TABLE `t_teacher` (
`t_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`t_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`t_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `t_teacher` VALUES ('1', '刘晓云');
INSERT INTO `t_teacher` VALUES ('2', '郑同华');
INSERT INTO `t_teacher` VALUES ('3', '李明军');

CREATE TABLE `t_class` (
  `c_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `c_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `teacher_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c_id`),
KEY `fk_teacher_id` (`teacher_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_teacher_id` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `t_teacher` (`t_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `t_class` VALUES ('1', '2020软件1班', '3');
INSERT INTO `t_class` VALUES ('2', '2020软件2班', '2');
INSERT INTO `t_class` VALUES ('3', '2020软件3班', '1');

CREATE TABLE `t_student` (
  `s_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `s_name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `s_gender` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `s_age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `class_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`s_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('1','佟大为','男','20','1');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('2','李方玉','女','19','1');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('3','郑大林','男','19','2');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('4','温晓辉','男','18','1');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('5','吴文静','女','19','2');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('6','肖文艳','女','18','3');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('7','杨文军','男','20','3');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('8','唐雨涵','女','219','2');
INSERT INTO	`t_student` VALUES('9','金雨欣','女','20','2');

二、创建与数据库相对应的实体类

（1）创建教师实体类

package mybatisdemo.bean;

public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

(2) 创建学生实体类

package mybatisdemo.bean;

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private int age;
    private Clazz clazz;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Clazz getClazz() {
        return clazz;
    }

    public void setClazz(Clazz clazz) {
        this.clazz = clazz;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", clazz=" + clazz.getName() +
                '}';
    }
}

(3) 创建班级实体类

package mybatisdemo.bean;


import java.util.List;

public class Clazz {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Teacher teacher;
    private List<Student> students;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public List<Student> getStudents() {
        return students;
    }

    public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
        this.students = students;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Clazz{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", teacher=" + teacher.getName() +
                ", students=" + students +
                '}';
    }
}

三、创建班级映射器配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="mybatisdemo.mapper.ClazzMapper">
    <!--三表关联查询-->
    <select id="findById" parameterType="Clazz" resultMap="clazzResultMap">
        SELECT * FROM t_teacher INNER JOIN t_class ON t_class.teacher_id = t_teacher.t_id
        INNER JOIN t_student ON t_class.c_id = t_student.class_id WHERE c_id = #{id};
    </select>

    <!--定义班级结果映射-->
    <resultMap id="clazzResultMap" type="Clazz">
        <result property="id" column="c_id"/>
        <result property="name" column="c_name"/>
        <!--一对一-->
        <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="id" column="t_id"/>
            <result property="name" column="t_name"/>
        </association>
        <!--一对多-->
        <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
            <result property="id" column="s_id"/>
            <result property="name" column="s_name"/>
            <result property="gender" column="s_gender"/>
            <result property="age" column="s_age"/>
            <association property="clazz" column="class_id" javaType="Clazz">
                <result property="name" column="c_name"/>
            </association>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <!--###########################################################-->

    <!--通过嵌套查询实现一对一关联-->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="clazzResultMap2">
        SELECT * FROM t_class;
    </select>

    <!--定义班级结果映射-->
    <resultMap id="clazzResultMap2" type="Clazz">
        <result property="id" column="c_id"/>
        <result property="name" column="c_name"/>
        <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM t_teacher WHERE t_id = #{id};
    </select>
</mapper>

四、修改MyBatis配置文件

五、定义班级映射器接口ClazzMapper

六、创建测试类TestClazzMapper

（一）运行测试方法testFindById()，查看结果

（二）运行测试方法testFindAll()，查看结果

小结：

利用MyBatis实现多表的关联查询，对于MyBatis的查询理解更加深刻，对相关实体类的映射器配置文件的结构更为了解。