一、案列演示
(1)案列1
1.创建Maven项目【SpringDemo2021】,注入相关依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>net.zxj.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringDemo2021</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!--Spring核心-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Bean-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring容器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.创建杀龙任务类 - SlayDragonQuest
- 在main/java里创建net.zxj.spring.lesson01包,然后在里面创建SlayDragonQuest类
package net.zxj.spring.lesson1;
public class SlayDragonQuest {
public void embark() {
System.out.println("执行杀龙任务。");
}
}
3.创建勇敢骑士类 - BraveKnight
- 在net.zxj.spring.lesson01包里创建BraveKnight类
package net.zxj.spring.lesson1;
public class BraveKnight {
private SlayDragonQuest slayDragonQuest;
public void setSlayDragonQuest(SlayDragonQuest slayDragonQuest) {
this.slayDragonQuest = slayDragonQuest;
}
public void embarkOnQuest() {
slayDragonQuest.embark();
}
}
4.在resources目录里创建log4j.properties
5.在resources里创建xmlconfig目录,然后在里面创建spring-config.xml
- 单击【Configure application context】(配置应用上下文)
6.在Spring配置文件里创建需要的bean
- property元素:给对象设置属性值
- name属性:Bean对象的属性名
- ref属性:Bean对象的属性值(引用另一个Bean对象)
- 勇敢骑士Bean通过元素将杀龙任务Bean注入作为其属性。注意,name属性值一定是BraveKnight类的属性名,ref属性值是已定义的杀龙任务Bean的id值。
- 通过Spring配置文件,创建了两个Bean对象,它们之间存在依赖关系,第一个Bean对象是第二个Bean对象的属性值。
7.创建测试类 - TestBraveKnightNew
- 在test/java/net.zxj.spring.lesson1里创建测试类TestBraveKnightNew
package net.zxj.spring.lesson1;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestBraveKnight {
private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
@Before
public void init() {
// 基于Spring配置文件创建应用容器
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("xmlconfig/spring-config.xml");
}
@Test
public void testBraveKnight() {
// 根据名称从应用容器中获取勇敢骑士对象
BraveKnight braveKnight = (BraveKnight) context.getBean("Mike");
// 勇敢骑士执行任务
braveKnight.embarkOnQuest();
}
@After
public void destroy() {
// 关闭应用容器
context.close();
}
}
运行结果:
(2)案列2-采用构造函数注入方式给Bean注入属性
1.创建拯救少女任务类 - RescueDamselQuest
- 在net.zxj.spring.lesson11包里创建RescueDamselQuest类
2、创建拯救少女之骑士类 - DamselRescuingKnight
- 在net.zxj.spring.lesson11包里创建DamselRescuingKnight类
package net.zxj.spring.lesson1;
public class DamselRescuingKnight {
private RescueDamselQuest rescueDamselQuest;
public DamselRescuingKnight(RescueDamselQuest rescueDamselQuest) {
this.rescueDamselQuest = rescueDamselQuest;
}
public void embarkOnQuest() {
rescueDamselQuest.embark();
}
}
3、在Spring配置文件里创建拯救少女骑士Bean
<bean id="damselRescuingKnight" class="net.zxj.spring.lesson1.DamselRescuingKnight">
<constructor-arg ref="rescueDamselQuest"/>
</bean>
4、创建测试类TestDamselRescuingKnightOld
-
在test/java/net.zxj.spring.lesson1里创建TestDamselRescuingKnightOld类
package net.zxj.spring.lesson1;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestDamselRescuingKnightOld {
private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
@Before
public void init() {
// 基于Spring配置创建应用容器
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("xmlconfig/spring-config.xml");
}
@Test
public void testDamselRescuingKnight() {
// 根据名称从应用容器里获取拯救少女骑士对象
DamselRescuingKnight damselRescuingKnight = (DamselRescuingKnight) context.getBean("damselRescuingKnight");
// 拯救少女骑士执行任务
damselRescuingKnight.embarkOnQuest();
}
@After
public void destroy() {
// 关闭应用容器
context.close();
}
}
- 运行测试方法,查看效果
小结:
提前学习过spring、springboot之后,在课堂上再次学习时感觉异常轻松,并且也巩固了相关的知识点。