在配置nginx反向代理解决跨域问题时，为什么location /api后面的/api 这个路径会带入后端服务器地址中？

在 Nginx 配置中，proxy_pass 指令中的路径会影响到请求的转发方式。当你在 location 中定义了 /api 路径时，如果你在 proxy_pass 中也包含了 /api，那么请求将会按照这样的方式进行转发：

假设你在 Nginx 中配置了如下的 location 和 proxy_pass：

location /api {
    proxy_pass http://backend.server;
}

当前端发起请求 www.example.com/api/data 时，Nginx 将会将这个请求转发到 http://backend.server/api/data。

这种行为是由于在 proxy_pass 中如果包含了路径，如 /api 在这里，Nginx 将保留原始请求中的 URI （Uniform Resource Identifier），除非你在 proxy_pass 中指定了一个新的 URI 来覆盖这个行为。这对于像 API Gateway 这样需要转发或者修改请求的服务来说非常有用。

如果你希望在转发请求时不包括类似 /api 这样的路径段，你可以在 proxy_pass 中使用反斜杠 / 来覆盖这个行为，如下所示：

location /api {
    proxy_pass http://backend.server/;
}

这样，当前端请求 www.example.com/api/data 时，Nginx 将会将请求转发到 http://backend.server/data，而不会包含原始请求的路径段 /api。

总之，proxy_pass 指令中的路径部分会影响请求的转发路径格式，进而影响后端服务器收到请求的 URI 结构。

全部配置

#user  nobody;
worker_processes 8;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#crit
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log error;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 2048;
}


http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    tcp_nopush on; #仅依赖于sendfile使用，能够使得Nginx在一个数据包中尝试发送响应头，以及在数据包中发送一个完整文件
    tcp_nodelay on; #启用或禁用TCP_NODELAY选项，用于keep-alive连接

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout 300;

    #gzip  on;

    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    #gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript application/javascript text/css application/xml image/jpeg image/gif image/png;
    #gzip_vary on;
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; #IE1-6版本不支持gzip压缩
    proxy_connect_timeout 75;
    proxy_read_timeout 300;
    proxy_send_timeout 300;
    proxy_buffer_size 64k;
    proxy_buffers 4 64k;
    proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
    client_max_body_size 100m;
    server_tokens off;
    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/temp;
    #用于指定本地目录来缓冲较大的代理请求
    #设定负载均衡的服务器列表
    upstream myweb {
        #weigth参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大
        #		ip_hash;
        server 172.26.5.6:5210 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 172.26.5.6:6610 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
        #  server 172.26.136.135:4310 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
    }

    upstream mp {
        server 172.26.5.6:2300 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
    }

    upstream mylocal {
        #weigth参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大
        #               ip_hash;
        server 172.26.5.6:3310 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
    }


    server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80; ## ipv6 support
        server_name _;
        #charset koi8-r;
        rewrite ^(.*) https://www.j.com$1 permanent;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        #       location / {
        #			proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;
        #			proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        #			proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        #			access_log  logs/webaccess.log  main ;
        #			client_max_body_size 20m;
        #			proxy_read_timeout 1500;
        #			client_body_buffer_size  256k;
        #			proxy_buffer_size 64k;
        #			proxy_buffers 4  64k;
        #			proxy_busy_buffers_size  128k;
        #			proxy_temp_file_write_size  256k;
        #			proxy_pass http://myweb/;
        #		}
        location /console/ {
            proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            access_log logs/consoleaccess.log main ;
            client_max_body_size 20m;
            proxy_read_timeout 1500;
            client_body_buffer_size 256k;
            proxy_buffer_size 64k;
            proxy_buffers 4 64k;
            proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
            proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
            proxy_pass http://mylocal/;
        }


        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {
            proxy_pass http://myweb;
            expires 7d;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(js|css)$ {
            proxy_pass http://myweb;
            expires 7d;
        }

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page 404 403 500 502 503 504 /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
            root /usr/local/nginx/html;
            index 404.html;
        }


        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }





    server {
        listen 443 ssl;
        listen [::]:443 ssl;
        # listen [::]:443;
        server_name j.com www.j.com;
        #ssl on;

        ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/crt/j.com.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/crt/j.com.key;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;

        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
        ssl_session_timeout 10m;

        ssl_stapling on;
        ssl_stapling_verify on;

        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;


        location / {

            proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            access_log logs/webaccess.log main ;
            client_max_body_size 20m;
            proxy_read_timeout 1500;
            client_body_buffer_size 256k;
            proxy_buffer_size 64k;
            proxy_buffers 4 64k;
            proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
            proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
            proxy_pass http://myweb/;

            #
        }

        location /docs {
            root /app;
            charset utf-8;
            index index.htm index.html;
        }
        location /jlrcwpages {
            root /app;
            charset utf-8;
            index index.htm index.html;
        }
        location /ysxRtxF72U.txt {  
            root /app/txt;  
            charset utf-8;  
        }
        
        location /api {
            proxy_pass https://hr.j.com;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    
            # 允许跨域请求
            add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
            add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
            add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
    
            if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
                add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
                add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
                add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
                return 204;
            }
        }

    }

}