ForeignKey的反向查询

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/db/queries/#following-relationships-backward

Following relationships “backward”

（接下来的关系：反向查询，注：上一节讲的正向查询）

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If a model has a ForeignKey, instances of theforeign-key model will have access to a Manager thatreturns all instances of the first model. By default, thisManager is named FOO_set, where FOO is thesource model name, lowercased. This Manager returnsQuerySets, which can be filtered and manipulated as described in the“Retrieving objects” section above.

如果一个模型有外键，那么外键所指向的模型的实例可以通过Manager 返回所有带外键的模型的实例。即通过反查外键得到外键所在的表。注：如果一个表有外键，通过外键关联到其他表很容易，反过来，想通过其他表反向关联回外键所在的表也有办法，下面的例子讲的就是这个。

默认时，Manager的名称时FOO_set，FOO是个代号，实际中用源模型的类名的小写代替，如：b.entry_set

entry_set函数返回查询结果集，我们可以过滤或修改这个结果集，这个结果集与普通查询得到的结果集一摸一样。

Example:

>>> b = Blog.objects.get(id=1)
>>> b.entry_set.all() # Returns all Entry objects related to Blog.

# b.entry_set is a Manager that returns QuerySets.
>>> b.entry_set.filter(headline__contains='Lennon')
>>> b.entry_set.count()

You can override the FOO_set name by setting therelated_name parameter in theForeignKey definition. For example, if the Entrymodel was altered to blog = ForeignKey(Blog, on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name='entries'), the above example code would look like this:

FOO_set的名称可以自主设置，设置时使用related_name参数，如related_name='entries'，这样entry_set就被entries取代了，如果还用entry_set反查就回报错。

>>> b = Blog.objects.get(id=1)
>>> b.entries.all() # Returns all Entry objects related to Blog.

# b.entries is a Manager that returns QuerySets.
>>> b.entries.filter(headline__contains='Lennon')
>>> b.entries.count()