servlet总结

servlet

servlet容器：tomcat

1、创建servlet项目

安装tomcat后开启，如果开启闪退的话检查java_HOME是否有配置

file–>project…–>

创建classes文件夹存储字节码类文件跟lib文件夹存储jar包

(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wen2651673900/img/main/img/image-20210514174042820.png)]

2、servlet基础使用

2.1、目录结构

pojo:存储对象

controller:存储业务类

dao：存储对数据库进行操作的类

util：存储连接数据的类

2.2、继承HTTP Servlet

package org.demo;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class text extends HttpServlet {
   
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
            
    }
}

2.3、配置默认界面web.xml

找到web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <welcome-file-lisr>
        <welcom-name>默认文件名.后缀名</welcom-name>
    </welcome-file-lisr>
</web-app>

2.4、配置web.xml映射servlet

找到web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>别名（任意取）</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet类的目录</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <serlvet-maping>
        <serlvet-name>对应上面的别名</serlvet-name>
        <url-pattern>/名称（通过浏览器进行映射的名称）</url-pattern>
    </serlvet-maping>
</web-app>

2.5、HttpServletRequest

请求：请求后完成后第一次的request和response就结束了进入的servlet中的request和response和新的

package org.demo;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class text extends HttpServlet {
   
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        
        request.getParameter("属性名,获取一个name为属性名的标签的数据");
        
        request.getParameterValues("属性名,获取多个name同名的标签的数据");
        
        
    }
}

方法：

• request.setCharacterEncoding(“utf-8”);
  • 设置浏览器发送的请求的数据字符类型
• request.getParameter(“name”);
• 获取浏览器发送请求中key值为name的单个数据
• request.getParameterValues(“name”)
  • 获取浏览器发送请求中key值为name的多个个数据

package org.demo;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class text extends HttpServlet {
   
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        ServletInputStream in = request.getInputStream();
        byte[] b = new byte[10];//每次读取10个byte位的数据
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int k = 0;
        //每次读取十个byte位并将这十个byte位存储在b数组中
        while((k = in.read(b)) != -1){
   
            //将数组中的数组转换成string
            String s = new String(b,0,k);
            //把s追加到sb的后面
            sb.append(s);
        }
        System.out.println(sb.toString);
}

方法：

• request.getInputStream();
  • 获取获取字节流
• in.read(数组)
  • 每次读取数据中数组长度个byte位并存储在数组中，并返回读取的长度

    public void fundRequestPara(HttpServletRequest request){
   
        System.out.println("获取协议名"+request.getProtocol());
        
        
        System.out.println("获取服务器名"+request.getServerName());
        
        
        System.out.println("判定请求是否加密"+request.isSecure());
        
        
        System.out.println("获取应用名称:"+request.getContextPath());
        
        
        System.out.println("获取完整请求地址:"+request.getRequestURL().toString());
        
        
        System.out.println("获取部分请求地址:"+request.getRequestURI().toString());
        
    }

2.6、HttpServletResponse

package org.demo;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class text extends HttpServlet {
   
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        
        
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        response.getWriter().println("写入的数据");
        
        
        PrintWriter printWriter =  response.getWriter();
        
        printWriter.println("写入的数据");
    }
}
</