Android数据存储（二）——Android存储概念、内部存储、外部存储

今天主要讲一下Android中存储概念，主要分为以下两点：

1.内部存储（Internal Storage）

内部存储会随应用卸载被删除

/data/data/<applicationId>/shared_prefs    数据存储

/data/data/<applicationId>/databases  数据库

/data/data/<applicationId>/files  文件

通过context.getCacheDir()获得

/data/data/<applicationId>/cache  缓存

通过context.getFilesDir()获得

FileOutputStream FileInputStream

主要看代码进行总结整理

package com.example.scrollview.datastorage;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.example.scrollview.R;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class FileActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    EditText editText;
    Button save,show;
    TextView savetv;
    SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
    SharedPreferences.Editor editor;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_shared_peferences);
        editText=findViewById(R.id.name);
        save=findViewById(R.id.save);
        show=findViewById(R.id.show);
        savetv=findViewById(R.id.tv_show);
        save.setOnClickListener(new onclick());
        show.setOnClickListener(new onclick());
    }

    class onclick implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {

            switch (view.getId()){
                case R.id.name:
                    break;
                case R.id.save:
                    save(editText.getText().toString().trim()); //调用存储方法
                    break;
                case R.id.show:
                    savetv.setText(read()); //调用读取数据的方法
                    break;
                case R.id.tv_show:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    //内部存取数据
    private void save(String content){
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream= null; //文件输出流
        try {
            fileOutputStream = openFileOutput("test.txt",MODE_PRIVATE); //打开文件输出
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            fileOutputStream.write(content.getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            fileOutputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //内部读取数据
    private String read(){
        FileInputStream fileInputStream= null;
        try {
            fileInputStream = openFileInput("test.txt");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        byte[] buff=new byte[1024];
        StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder("");
        int len=0;
        while (true){
            try {
                if (!(fileInputStream.read(buff)>0)) break;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            sb.append(new String(buff,0,len));
        }
        try {
            fileInputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

2.外部存储（External Storage）

公有目录  

pictures movies music....

通过Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(int type)

私有目录  随应用卸载被删除

/mnt/sdcard/Android/data/data/<applicationId>/cache

/mnt/sdcard/Android/data/data/<applicationId>/files

package com.example.scrollview.datastorage;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.example.scrollview.R;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class FileActivity extends AppCompatActivity {


    EditText editText;
    Button save,show;
    TextView savetv;
    SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
    SharedPreferences.Editor editor;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_shared_peferences);
        editText=findViewById(R.id.name);
        save=findViewById(R.id.save);
        show=findViewById(R.id.show);
        savetv=findViewById(R.id.tv_show);
        save.setOnClickListener(new onclick());
        show.setOnClickListener(new onclick());
  
    }

    class onclick implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {

            switch (view.getId()){
                case R.id.name:
                    break;
                case R.id.save:
                    save2(editText.getText().toString().trim());
                    break;
                case R.id.show:
                    savetv.setText(read2());
                    break;
                case R.id.tv_show:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    //外部存取数据
    private void save2(String content){
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream= null;
        try {
            //fileOutputStream = openFileOutput("test.txt",MODE_PRIVATE);
            File dir=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"Demo");
            if(!dir.exists()){
                dir.mkdirs();
            }
            File file=new File(dir,"test.txt");
            if(!file.exists()){
                file.createNewFile();
            }
            fileOutputStream=new FileOutputStream(file);
            fileOutputStream.write(content.getBytes());
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //外部读取数据
    private String read2(){
        FileInputStream fileInputStream= null;
        try {
          File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/Demo","test.txt");
          fileInputStream=new FileInputStream(file);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        byte[] buff=new byte[1024];
        StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder("");
        int len=0;
        while (true){
            try {
                if (!(fileInputStream.read(buff)>0)) break;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            sb.append(new String(buff,0,len));
        }
        try {
            fileInputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}