Spring 构建Web应用程序（XML方式）

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-18 18:04:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-09-18 18:04:03 发布

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分类专栏：后端文章标签： java spring springmvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27870421/article/details/100011029

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`一、纯XML配置`

1.1 配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:mine/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:mine/appServlet-servlet*.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

1.2 创建applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">


    <!--&lt;!&ndash; 自动扫描 &ndash;&gt;-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="spring" />
</beans>

1.3 创建appServlet-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 处理静态资源请求（webapp/resources） -->
    <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**" />

    <!-- 只能扫描控制层的类,使其拥有使用注解的功能  -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="spring"/>

    <!-- 1.对模型视图名称的解析 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver" id="view">
        <property name="mediaTypes">
            <map>
                <entry key="html" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
                <entry key="xml" value="text/xml;charset=UTF-8" />
                <entry key="json" value="application/json;charset=UTF-8" />
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="viewResolvers">
            <list>
                <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
                    <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
                    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
                    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
                </bean>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

1.4 创建控制器

package spring;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class Hello {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/home", method= RequestMethod.GET)
    public String home() {
        return "home";
    }
}

1.5 创建home.jsp

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>

1.6 结果

配置tomcat，启动工程，访问 http://localhost:8080/hello/home 得到如下结果:

`二、使用Java配置Servlet`

2.1 配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!-- 使用Java配置 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
    <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- 指定跟配置文件 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>spring.RootConfig</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- 指定监听器 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
      <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
    </init-param>

    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>spring.WebConfigConfig</param-value>
    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

2.2 创建RootConfig.java

package spring;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class RootConfig {
}

2.3 创建WebConfig.java

package spring;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/"); // webapp/home
        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
        return resolver;
    }

    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }
}

2.4 创建控制器

package spring;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class Hello {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method= RequestMethod.GET)
    public String home() {
        return "home";
    }
}

2.5 创建home.jsp

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>

2.6 结果

配置tomcat，启动工程，访问 http://localhost:8080 得到如下结果:

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Spring 构建Web应用程序（XML方式）

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