黑猴子的家：Python2 和 Python3 的区别

1、官网

In summary : Python 2.x is legacy, Python 3.x is the present and future of the language
Python 3.0 was released in 2008. The final 2.x version 2.7 release came out in mid-2010, with a statement of

extended support for this end-of-life release. The 2.x branch will see no new major releases after that. 3.x is

under active development and has already seen over five years of stable releases, including version 3.3 in 2012,

3.4 in 2014, and 3.5 in 2015. This means that all recent standard library improvements, for example, are only

available by default in Python 3.x.

Guido van Rossum (the original creator of the Python language) decided to clean up Python 2.x properly, with less regard for backwards compatibility than is the case for new releases in the 2.x range. The most drastic improvement is the better Unicode support (with all text strings being Unicode by default) as well as saner bytes/Unicode separation.

Besides, several aspects of the core language (such as print and exec being statements, integers using floor division) have been adjusted to be easier for newcomers to learn and to be more consistent with the rest of the language, and old cruft has been removed (for example, all classes are now new-style, "range()" returns a memory efficient iterable, not a list as in 2.x).

2、Python2 与 Python3 的详细区别

PRINT IS A FUNCTION
The statement has been replaced with a print() function, with keyword arguments to replace most of the special syntax of the old statement (PEP 3105).

Examples:

Old: print "The answer is", 2*2 
New: print("The answer is", 2*2)

Old: print x, # Trailing comma suppresses newline 
New: print(x, end=" ") # Appends a space instead of a newline

Old: print # Prints a newline
New: print() # You must call the function!

Old: print >>sys.stderr, "fatal error" 
New: print("fatal error", file=sys.stderr)

Old: print (x, y) # prints repr((x, y))
New: print((x, y)) # Not the same as print(x, y)!

You can also customize the separator between items, e.g.:

print("There are <", 2**32, "> possibilities!", sep="")

3、ALL IS UNICODE NOW

从此不再为讨厌的字符编码而烦恼

还可以这样玩： (A,*REST,B)=RANGE(5)

<strong>>>> a,*rest,b = range(5)
>>> a,rest,b
(0, [1, 2, 3], 4)
</strong>

4、某些库改名了

old Name	New Name
_winreg	winreg
ConfigParser	configparser
copy_reg	copyreg
Queue	queue
SocketServer	socketserver
markupbase	_markupbase
repr	reprlib
test.test_support	test.support

5、还有谁不支持PYTHON3?

One popular module that don't yet support Python 3 is Twisted (for networking and other applications).Most actively maintained libraries have people working on 3.x support. For some libraries, it's more of a priority than others: Twisted, for example, is mostly focused on production servers, where supporting older versions of Python is important, let alone supporting a new version that includes major changes to the language. (Twisted is a prime example of a major package where porting to 3.x is far from trivial