MVVM架构实现

一、MVVM架构的优缺点
优点：
1.数据双向绑定，能很好的保证数据的一致性
2.UI与逻辑部分解耦更加完全
缺点：
1.使用DataBinding，导致内存开销大
2.xml布局文件与数据绑定，降低布局的可重用性
3.不宜进行bug跟踪调试

二、实现步骤

1.在gradle中打开DataBinding

 //打开dataBinding工具
    dataBinding {
        enabled = true
    }

2.新建实体类，即modle类

import androidx.databinding.ObservableField;

public class UserBean {
    //被观察的属性（注意：属性必须是public修饰，DataBinding规定）
    public ObservableField<String> name = new ObservableField<>();

    public ObservableField<String> pwd = new ObservableField<>();

}

3.修改xml布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <!--指定绑定的ViewModel-->
    <data>

        <variable
            name="loginViewModel"
            type="com.wkr.mvvmproject.vm.LoginViewModel" />
    </data>
    <!--正常的布局-->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <EditText
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_margin="15dp"
            android:addTextChangedListener="@{loginViewModel.nameInputListener}"
            android:hint="用户名"
            android:text="@{loginViewModel.userBean.name}" />

        <EditText
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_margin="15dp"
            android:addTextChangedListener="@{loginViewModel.pwdInputListener}"
            android:hint="密码"
            android:text="@{loginViewModel.userBean.pwd}" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_margin="15dp"
            android:onClick="@{loginViewModel.onClickListener}"
            android:text="登录" />
    </LinearLayout>
</layout>

4.新建ViewModel类

import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

import com.wkr.mvvmproject.bean.UserBean;
import com.wkr.mvvmproject.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;

public class LoginViewModel {

    public UserBean userBean;

    public LoginViewModel(ActivityMainBinding viewDataBinding) {
        userBean = new UserBean();
        //将ViewModel和View进行绑定，通过DataBanding工具
        viewDataBinding.setLoginViewModel(this);
    }


    public TextWatcher nameInputListener = new TextWatcher() {
        @Override
        public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
            //view层接收用户输入，改变model层的javabean属性
            userBean.name.set(String.valueOf(s));
        }

        @Override
        public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {

        }
    };
    public TextWatcher pwdInputListener = new TextWatcher() {
        @Override
        public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
            userBean.pwd.set(String.valueOf(s));
        }

        @Override
        public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {

        }
    };

    public View.OnClickListener onClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Log.e("TAG", "NAME======>" + userBean.name.get());
            Log.e("TAG", "pwd======>" + userBean.pwd.get());
            userBean.name.set("张三");
        }
    };


}

4.在Activity中将布局通过DataBinding进行绑定

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //1、必须先Rebuild;2.绑定代码
        ActivityMainBinding viewDataBinding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main);
       new LoginViewModel(viewDataBinding);
    }
}