概述
DBA一般都需要定期去对Oracle表碎片做整理,这里简单整理表碎片整理流程如下:
1、定位存在碎片的对象
使用如下脚本,检查需要进行碎片整理的对象:
--all tables(partition_tables + non_partition_tables )
select a.owner,
a.table_name,
a.num_rows,
a.avg_row_len,
round(a.avg_row_len * a.num_rows / 1024 / 1024, 2) real_bytes_MB,
round(b.seg_bytes_mb, 2) seg_bytes_mb,
decode(a.num_rows,
0,
100,
(1 - round(a.avg_row_len * a.num_rows / 1024 / 1024 /
b.seg_bytes_mb,
2)) * 100) || '%' frag_percent
from dba_tables a,
(select owner, segment_name, sum(bytes / 1024 / 1024) seg_bytes_mb
from dba_segments
group by owner, segment_name) b
where a.table_name = b.segment_name
and a.owner = b.owner
and a.owner not in
('SYS', 'SYSTEM', 'OUTLN', 'DMSYS', 'TSMSYS', 'DBSNMP', 'WMSYS',
'EXFSYS', 'CTXSYS', 'XDB', 'OLAPSYS', 'ORDSYS', 'MDSYS', 'SYSMAN')
and decode(a.num_rows,
0,
100,
(1 - round(a.avg_row_len * a.num_rows / 1024 / 1024 /
b.seg_bytes_mb,
2)) * 100) > 30
order by b.seg_bytes_mb desc;
2、统计信息检查
2.1 统计信息检查
-- 查看统计信息收集日期,确保碎片查询结果准确:
select owner,table_name,last_analyzed from dba_tables Where owner='<OWNER>' AND table_name='<TABLE_NAME>';
2.2 统计信息收集
如果统计信息过旧,则重新收集统计信息:
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'<OWNER>', tabname =>'<TABLE_NAME>');
3、表碎片整理
3.1 打开行移动
alter table <TABLE_NAME> enable row movement ;
3.2 进行表收缩
alter table <TABLE_NAME> shrink space cascade ;
3.3 失效对象编译
语句可能会造成引用表<TABLE_NAME>的对象(如存储过程、包、视图等)变为无效。
运行如下脚本,重新编译失效对象。
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
4、对象收缩后的结果检查
运行如下脚本,确认对象空间是否已经完成收缩。
--all tables(partition_tables + non_partition_tables )
select a.owner,
a.table_name,
a.num_rows,
a.avg_row_len,
round(a.avg_row_len * a.num_rows / 1024 / 1024, 2) real_bytes_MB,
round(b.seg_bytes_mb, 2) seg_bytes_mb,
decode(a.num_rows,
0,
100,
(1 - round(a.avg_row_len * a.num_rows / 1024 / 1024 /
b.seg_bytes_mb,
2)) * 100) || '%' frag_percent
from dba_tables a,
(select owner, segment_name, sum(bytes / 1024 / 1024) seg_bytes_mb
from dba_segments
group by owner, segment_name) b
where a.table_name = b.segment_name
and a.owner = b.owner
and a.owner not in
('SYS', 'SYSTEM', 'OUTLN', 'DMSYS', 'TSMSYS', 'DBSNMP', 'WMSYS',
'EXFSYS', 'CTXSYS', 'XDB', 'OLAPSYS', 'ORDSYS', 'MDSYS', 'SYSMAN')
and decode(a.num_rows,
0,
100,
(1 - round(a.avg_row_len * a.num_rows / 1024 / 1024 /
b.seg_bytes_mb,
2)) * 100) > 30
order by b.seg_bytes_mb desc;
5、性能监控
5.1、监控数据库会话,是否存在异常等待事件:
select inst_id ,sid,serial#,sql_id,event,machine,module,program,seconds_in_wait from gv$session ;
--看会话在做什么操作
select sid, sql_text
from v$session a, v$sql b
where sid in(85,160)
and(b.sql_id = a.sql_id or b.sql_id = a.prev_sql_id);
5.2、应用监控
收集awr报告,观察应用系统是否运行正常。