1、用户组与权限管理
A、新增4个用户u1 u2 u3 u4.并查看配置文件是否账号增加成功。禁用u2,测试效果;再重新启u2,测试效果;
[root@bogon ~]# useradd u1
[root@bogon ~]# useradd u2
[root@bogon ~]# useradd u3
[root@bogon ~]# useradd u4
[root@bogon ~]# tail /etc/shadow
avahi:!!:16993::::::
postfix:!!:16993::::::
ntp:!!:16993::::::
sshd:!!:16993::::::
tcpdump:!!:16993::::::
xuyilong:$6$F2UKKjXxkXoyYvAQ$b6S6yw.VIhblC6iulMLoxp64R6HjxngRK91Oc4q3SJ2g64Ase6/HKdqEiCFomfQpPb.BnGs74jRFoRJlTqyHt1::0:99999:7:::
u1:!!:16995:0:99999:7:::
u2:!!:16995:0:99999:7:::
u3:!!:16995:0:99999:7:::
u4:!!:16995:0:99999:7:::
[root@bogon ~]# usermod -L u2
[root@bogon ~]# su u1
[u1@bogon root]$ su u2
Password:
su: Authentication failure
[u1@bogon root]$ exit
[root@bogon ~]# usermod -U u2
[root@bogon ~]# su u1
[u1@bogon root]$ su u2
Password:
[u2@bogon root]$
B、删除账号u1及家目录。
[root@bogon ~]# userdel -r u1
C、修改u3的密码为:mashen
[root@bogon ~]# passwd u3
Changing password for user u3.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
D、新增组g1,g2,把用户u2加入g2组,并把g1组删除了。
[root@bogon ~]# groupadd g1
[root@bogon ~]# groupadd g2
[root@bogon ~]# gpasswd -a u2 g2
Adding user u2 to group g2
[root@bogon ~]# groupdel g1
E、使用root用户新建文件aa,并在aa中使用vi编辑器写入“welcome to java5!”。
[root@bogon Desktop]# vi aa
F、然后针对aa授权,把文件所有者由root改成u3,把文件所属组改成g2,所有者拥有所有权限,所属组g2能写入,其他的用户u4只能查看。
[root@bogon Desktop]# ls -l
total 828
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Jul 13 18:59 aa
[root@bogon Desktop]# chmod 724 aa
[root@bogon Desktop]# chown u3:g2 aa
[root@bogon Desktop]# ls -l
total 828
-rwx-w-r--. 1 u3 g2 18 Jul 13 18:59 aa
2、文件与磁盘管理有关
A、使用虚拟机新增一个15G磁盘,把磁盘格式成xfs,新建一个目录disk,并开机能自动挂载到这上目录;
[root@bogon /]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xfe79098f.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-31457279, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-31457279, default 31457279):
Using default value 31457279
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 15 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@bogon /]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=982976 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=3931904, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@bogon /]# mkdir disk
[root@bogon /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /disk
[root@bogon /]# vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Jul 11 11:58:58 2016
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-opt /opt xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /disk xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
~
"/etc/fstab" 12L, 520C written
[root@bogon /]#
B、通过winscp中考备一个winscp的安装exe文件到这个disk目录中
C、把disk中通过securecrt把这个文件下载到windows本地
sftp> cd /disk
sftp> pwd
/disk
sftp> lcd E:\winscp
sftp> Lpwd
E:/winscp
sftp> ls
winscp575windowsLinux文件传输.exe
sftp> get winscp575windowsLinux文件传输.exe
Downloading winscp575windowsLinux文件传输.exe from /disk/winscp575windowsLinux文件传输.exe
100% 5724KB 5724KB/s 00:00:00
/disk/winscp575windowsLinux文件传输.exe: 5861512 bytes transferred in 0 seconds (5724 KB/s)
sftp>