Java多线程编程顺序执行

Java多线程编程顺序执行

题目

如

class Foo {

    public Foo() {
        
    }

    public void first(Runnable printFirst) throws InterruptedException {
        
        // printFirst.run() outputs "first". Do not change or remove this line.
        printFirst.run();
    }

    public void second(Runnable printSecond) throws InterruptedException {
        
        // printSecond.run() outputs "second". Do not change or remove this line.
        printSecond.run();
    }

    public void third(Runnable printThird) throws InterruptedException {
        
        // printThird.run() outputs "third". Do not change or remove this line.
        printThird.run();
    }
}

如何保证first()、second()、third()按顺序执行

思路

使用AtomicInteger标记当前执行方法位置，执行完成后，修改值，其他线程循环执行查询值。

代码

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

class Foo {

    AtomicInteger index = new AtomicInteger(0);

    public Foo() {

    }

    public void first(Runnable printFirst) throws InterruptedException {

        // printFirst.run() outputs "first". Do not change or remove this line.
        printFirst.run();
        index.set(1);
    }

    public void second(Runnable printSecond) throws InterruptedException {
        while (index.get() < 1) {
            wait();
        }
        // printSecond.run() outputs "second". Do not change or remove this line.
        printSecond.run();
        index.set(2);
    }

    public void third(Runnable printThird) throws InterruptedException {
        while (index.get() < 2) {
            wait();
        }
        // printThird.run() outputs "third". Do not change or remove this line.
        printThird.run();
    }
}

思路2

使用Semaphore信号量作为方法锁，这种内存消耗稍小

代码

import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

class Foo {

    Semaphore s2 = new Semaphore(0);
    Semaphore s3 = new Semaphore(0);

    public Foo() {

    }

    public void first(Runnable printFirst) throws InterruptedException {

        // printFirst.run() outputs "first". Do not change or remove this line.
        printFirst.run();
        s2.release();
    }

    public void second(Runnable printSecond) throws InterruptedException {
        s2.acquire();
        // printSecond.run() outputs "second". Do not change or remove this line.
        printSecond.run();
        s3.release();
    }

    public void third(Runnable printThird) throws InterruptedException {
        s3.acquire();
        // printThird.run() outputs "third". Do not change or remove this line.
        printThird.run();
    }
}