设计模式-工厂模式

工厂模式的定义

工厂模式使用的频率非常高，我们在开发中总能见到它们的身影。其定义为：
Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory Method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses.

即定义一个用于创建对象的接口，让子类决定实例化哪一个类。工厂方法使一个类的实例化延迟到其子类
其相对于简单工厂模式,更加符合开闭原则!!!

工厂模式包括如下角色:

• 抽象产品
• 具体产品
• 抽象工厂
• 具体工厂

以上角色之间的关系如下图所示:

UML图如下:

java代码:

抽象产品（Abstract Product）角色

package com.gof.entity;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: Audi
 * @Description: 奥迪车的图纸
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-8 下午05:06:23
 */
public interface Audi {

    /**
     * 
     * @Title: desc
     * @Description:用来描述汽车信息
     */
    void desc();

}

具体产品（Concrete Product）角色

package com.gof.entity;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiA4
 * @Description: 奥迪A4系列
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-8 下午05:08:28
 */
public class AudiA4 implements Audi {

    /**
     * 重写
     */
    @Override
    public void desc() {
        System.out.println("我是一辆奥迪A4");
    }

}

package com.gof.entity;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiA6
 * @Description: 奥迪A6系列
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-8 下午05:16:17
 */
public class AudiA6 implements Audi {

    /**
     * 重写
     */
    @Override
    public void desc() {
        System.out.println("我是一辆奥迪A6");
    }

}

package com.gof.entity;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiA8
 * @Description: 奥迪A8系列
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-8 下午05:17:16
 */
public class AudiA8 implements Audi {

    /**
     * 重写
     */
    @Override
    public void desc() {
        System.out.println("我是一辆奥迪A8");
    }

}

抽象工厂（Abstract Factory）角色

package com.gof.factory1;

import com.gof.entity.Audi;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiFactory
 * @Description: 生产奥迪的抽象工厂
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-9 下午03:01:59
 */
public interface AudiFactory {

    /**
     * 
     * @Title: createAudi
     * @Description:生产奥迪 
     * @return
     */
    Audi createAudi();

}

具体工厂（Concrete Factory）角色

package com.gof.factory1;

import com.gof.entity.Audi;
import com.gof.entity.AudiA4;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiA4Factory
 * @Description: 奥迪A4生产工厂
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-9 下午03:04:26
 */
public class AudiA4Factory implements AudiFactory{

    /**
     * 生产奥迪A4
     */
    @Override
    public Audi createAudi() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new AudiA4();
    }

}

package com.gof.factory1;

import com.gof.entity.Audi;
import com.gof.entity.AudiA6;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiA6Factory
 * @Description: 奥迪A6生产工厂
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-9 下午03:05:46
 */
public class AudiA6Factory implements AudiFactory {

    /**
     * 生产奥迪A6
     */
    @Override
    public Audi createAudi() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new AudiA6();
    }

}

package com.gof.factory1;

import com.gof.entity.Audi;
import com.gof.entity.AudiA8;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiA8Factory
 * @Description: 奥迪A8生产工厂
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-9 下午03:07:25
 */
public class AudiA8Factory implements AudiFactory {

    /**
     * 生产奥迪A8
     */
    @Override
    public Audi createAudi() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new AudiA8();
    }

}

测试

package com.gof.factory1;

import com.gof.entity.Audi;

/**
 * 
 * @ClassName: AudiFactoryTest
 * @Description: 测试
 * @author cheng
 * @date 2017-8-9 下午03:10:01
 */
public class AudiFactoryTest {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        System.out.println("====================================");
        AudiFactory audiFactory1 = new AudiA4Factory();
        Audi audi1 = audiFactory1.createAudi();
        audi1.desc();
        System.out.println("====================================");
        AudiFactory audiFactory2 = new AudiA6Factory();
        Audi audi2 = audiFactory2.createAudi();
        audi2.desc();
        System.out.println("====================================");
        AudiFactory audiFactory3 = new AudiA8Factory();
        Audi audi3 = audiFactory3.createAudi();
        audi3.desc();
    }
}

运行结果