redis的持久化--RDB（八）

Redis会单独创建（fork）一个子进程来进行持久化，会先将数据写入到一个临时文件中，待持久化过程都结束了，再用这个临时文件替换上次持久化好的文件。整个过程中，主进程是不进行任何IO操作的，这就确保了极高的性能如果需要进行大规模数据的恢复，且对于数据恢复的完整性不是非常敏感，那RDB方式要比AOF方式更加的高效。RDB的缺点是最后一次持久化后的数据可能丢失。

一：RDB（Redis DataBase）

（1）是什么：在指定的时间间隔内将内存中的数据集快照写入磁盘，也就是行话讲的Snapshot快照，它恢复时是将快照文件直接读到内存里。

（2）Fork：fork的作用是复制一个与当前进程一样的进程。新进程的所有数据（变量、环境变量、程序计数器等）数值都和原进程一致，但是是一个全新的进程，并作为原进程的子进程

（3）rdb 保存的是dump.rdb文件

（4）配置位置：

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  ################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
#   save <seconds> <changes>
#
#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
#
#   Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines.
#
#   It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
#   points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
#   like in the following example:
#
#   save ""


save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000


# By default Redis will stop accepting writes if RDB snapshots are enabled
# (at least one save point) and the latest background save failed.
# This will make the user aware (in a hard way) that data is not persisting
# on disk properly, otherwise chances are that no one will notice and some
# disaster will happen.
#
# If the background saving process will start working again Redis will
# automatically allow writes again.
#
# However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server
# and persistence, you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will
# continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk,
# permissions, and so forth.
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes


# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes


# Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file.
# This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance
# hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
# for maximum performances.
#
# RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will
# tell the loading code to skip the check.
rdbchecksum yes


# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb   --------文件名


# The working directory.
#
# The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
# above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.
#
# The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory.
#
# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
dir ./            ----默认当前目录

save：

RDB是整个内存的压缩过的Snapshot，RDB的数据结构，可以配置复合的快照触发条件，
默认
是1分钟内改了1万次，
或5分钟内改了10次，
或15分钟内改了1次。

禁用：

#   It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
#   points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
#   like in the following example:
#
#   save ""

如果想禁用RDB持久化的策略，只要不设置任何save指令，或者给save传入一个空字符串参数也可以

也可以马上保存

stop-writes-on-bgsave-error：

# However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server
# and persistence, you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will
# continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk,
# permissions, and so forth.
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes

如果配置成no，表示你不在乎数据不一致或者有其他的手段发现和控制

 rdbcompression：

# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes

rdbcompression：对于存储到磁盘中的快照，可以设置是否进行压缩存储。如果是的话，redis会采用
LZF算法进行压缩。如果你不想消耗CPU来进行压缩的话，可以设置为关闭此功能，一般设置为yes即可

 rdbchecksum：

# Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file.
# This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance
# hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
# for maximum performances.
#
# RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will
# tell the loading code to skip the check.
rdbchecksum yes

rdbchecksum：在存储快照后，还可以让redis使用CRC64算法来进行数据校验，但是这样做会增加大约
10%的性能消耗，如果希望获取到最大的性能提升，可以关闭此功能，一般开启即可

小结：