初学Linux和ubuntu:使用ssh时显示connection refused的错误解决方案

本文档介绍了如何在刚安装的Ubuntu系统中,解决SSH连接问题。首先检查client机是否已安装openssh-client,然后确认server机是否安装了openssh-server。在未安装的情况下,需要在server机上安装openssh-server。完成安装后,即可成功通过SSH从client机连接到server机。

问题:

现在我有两台刚刚安装好的ubuntu虚拟机,一台叫client机,而另一台叫server机,如下两图所示。我想在client机中使用SSH来访问server机中的文件。

备注:该解决方案主要针对于刚安装的ubuntu缺少相关的ssh包这种情况,应该能够大概率解决该问题。

而我在client机中试图通过ssh命令来连接server机,却出现了如下图的错误。

解决:

1. 查看client机是否安装openssh-client。从下图可以看出已经cilent机安装了penssh-client,也就是ssh的客户端。

2.接下来我们看看server机是否安装了openssh-server,因为我们要将server机作为我们的服务器,所以还需要安装openssh-server。(ubuntu默认只会安装openssh-client)

### Ubuntu SSH Connection Refused Network Error Solution When encountering an issue where SSH connections are being refused on an Ubuntu system, several potential causes and solutions can be explored. A common reason for this problem is that the OpenSSH server might not be installed or could have stopped functioning properly. To verify whether the SSH service is active, one should check its status using `systemctl`: ```bash sudo systemctl status ssh ``` If the service appears inactive, restarting it may resolve connectivity issues[^1]: ```bash sudo systemctl restart ssh ``` Another critical aspect involves ensuring firewall settings do not block incoming SSH requests. By default, UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall), which comes pre-installed with many Linux distributions including Ubuntu, blocks all inbound traffic unless explicitly allowed. To permit SSH access through port 22, execute these commands: ```bash sudo ufw allow ssh sudo ufw reload ``` Additionally, verifying configuration files within `/etc/ssh/sshd_config` ensures no misconfigurations exist preventing proper operation of the SSH daemon. Common adjustments include setting `PermitRootLogin`, adjusting `PasswordAuthentication`, and confirming correct listening addresses under `ListenAddress`. Lastly, examining logs located at `/var/log/auth.log` provides insight into any authentication failures or other errors related to attempted SSH sessions. This diagnostic step helps pinpoint specific reasons behind denied connections.
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