application

SYNTAX:

<application android:allowTaskReparenting=["true" | "false"]
             android:allowBackup=["true" | "false"]
             android:backupAgent="string"
             android:banner="drawable resource"
             android:debuggable=["true" | "false"]
             android:description="string resource"
             android:enabled=["true" | "false"]
             android:hasCode=["true" | "false"]
             android:hardwareAccelerated=["true" | "false"]
             android:icon="drawable resource"
             android:isGame=["true" | "false"]
             android:killAfterRestore=["true" | "false"]
             android:largeHeap=["true" | "false"]
             android:label="string resource"
             android:logo="drawable resource"
             android:manageSpaceActivity="string"
             android:name="string"
             android:permission="string"
             android:persistent=["true" | "false"]
             android:process="string"
             android:restoreAnyVersion=["true" | "false"]
             android:requiredAccountType="string"
             android:restrictedAccountType="string"
             android:supportsRtl=["true" | "false"]
             android:taskAffinity="string"
             android:testOnly=["true" | "false"]
             android:theme="resource or theme"
             android:uiOptions=["none" | "splitActionBarWhenNarrow"]
             android:usesCleartextTraffic=["true" | "false"]
             android:vmSafeMode=["true" | "false"] >
    . . .
</application>

CONTAINED IN:

<manifest>

CAN CONTAIN:

<activity> 
<activity-alias> 
<meta-data> 
<service> 
<receiver> 
<provider> 
<uses-library>

DESCRIPTION:

The declaration of the application. This element contains subelements that declare each of the application's components and has attributes that can affect all the components. Many of these attributes (such as  icon,  label,  permission,  process,  taskAffinity, and  allowTaskReparenting) set default values for corresponding attributes of the component elements. Others (such as  debuggable, enabled,  description, and  allowClearUserData) set values for the application as a whole and cannot be overridden by the components.

ATTRIBUTES

android:allowTaskReparenting

Whether or not activities that the application defines can move from the task that started them to the task they have an affinity for when that task is next brought to the front —  "true" if they can move, and  "false" if they must remain with the task where they started. The default value is "false".

The <activity> element has its own allowTaskReparenting attribute that can override the value set here. See that attribute for more information.

android:allowBackup

Whether to allow the application to participate in the backup and restore infrastructure. If this attribute is set to false, no backup or restore of the application will ever be performed, even by a full-system backup that would otherwise cause all application data to be saved via adb. The default value of this attribute is true.

android:backupAgent

The name of the class that implement's the application's backup agent, a subclass of BackupAgent. The attribute value should be a fully qualified class name (such as, "com.example.project.MyBackupAgent"). However, as a shorthand, if the first character of the name is a period (for example,  ".MyBackupAgent"), it is appended to the package name specified in the  <manifest> element.

There is no default. The name must be specified.

android:banner

A  drawable resource providing an extended graphical banner for its associated item. Use with the <application> tag to supply a default banner for all application activities, or with the  <activity>tag to supply a banner for a specific activity.

The system uses the banner to represent an app in the Android TV home screen. Since the banner is displayed only in the home screen, it should only be specified by applications with an activity that handles the CATEGORY_LEANBACK_LAUNCHER intent.

This attribute must be set as a reference to a drawable resource containing the image (for example"@drawable/banner"). There is no default banner.

See Banners in the UI Patterns for TV design guide, and Provide a home screen banner in Get Started with TV Apps for more information.

android:debuggable

Whether or not the application can be debugged, even when running on a device in user mode — "true" if it can be, and  "false" if not. The default value is  "false".

android:description

User-readable text about the application, longer and more descriptive than the application label. The value must be set as a reference to a string resource. Unlike the label, it cannot be a raw string. There is no default value.

android:enabled

Whether or not the Android system can instantiate components of the application —  "true" if it can, and  "false" if not. If the value is  "true", each component's  enabled attribute determines whether that component is enabled or not. If the value is  "false", it overrides the component-specific values; all components are disabled.

The default value is "true".

android:hasCode

Whether or not the application contains any code —  "true" if it does, and  "false" if not. When the value is  "false", the system does not try to load any application code when launching components. The default value is  "true".

An application would not have any code of its own only if it's using nothing but built-in component classes, such as an activity that uses the AliasActivity class, a rare occurrence.

android:hardwareAccelerated

Whether or not hardware-accelerated rendering should be enabled for all activities and views in this application —  "true" if it should be enabled, and  "false" if not. The default value is  "true" if you've set either  minSdkVersion or  targetSdkVersion to  "14" or higher; otherwise, it's "false".

Starting from Android 3.0 (API level 11), a hardware-accelerated OpenGL renderer is available to applications, to improve performance for many common 2D graphics operations. When the hardware-accelerated renderer is enabled, most operations in Canvas, Paint, Xfermode, ColorFilter, Shader, and Camera are accelerated. This results in smoother animations, smoother scrolling, and improved responsiveness overall, even for applications that do not explicitly make use the framework's OpenGL libraries.

Note that not all of the OpenGL 2D operations are accelerated. If you enable the hardware-accelerated renderer, test your application to ensure that it can make use of the renderer without errors.

For more information, read the Hardware Acceleration guide.

android:icon

An icon for the application as whole, and the default icon for each of the application's components. See the individual  icon attributes for  <activity>,  <activity-alias>,  <service>, <receiver>, and  <provider> elements.

This attribute must be set as a reference to a drawable resource containing the image (for example"@drawable/icon"). There is no default icon.

android:isGame

Whether or not the application is a game. The system may group together applications classifed as games or display them separately from other applications.

The default is false.

android:killAfterRestore

Whether the application in question should be terminated after its settings have been restored during a full-system restore operation. Single-package restore operations will never cause the application to be shut down. Full-system restore operations typically only occur once, when the phone is first set up. Third-party applications will not normally need to use this attribute.

The default is true, which means that after the application has finished processing its data during a full-system restore, it will be terminated.

android:largeHeap

Whether your application's processes should be created with a large Dalvik heap. This applies to all processes created for the application. It only applies to the first application loaded into a process; if you're using a shared user ID to allow multiple applications to use a process, they all must use this option consistently or they will have unpredictable results.

Most apps should not need this and should instead focus on reducing their overall memory usage for improved performance. Enabling this also does not guarantee a fixed increase in available memory, because some devices are constrained by their total available memory.

To query the available memory size at runtime, use the methods getMemoryClass() orgetLargeMemoryClass().

android:label

A user-readable label for the application as a whole, and a default label for each of the application's components. See the individual  label attributes for  <activity>,  <activity-alias>, <service>,  <receiver>, and  <provider> elements.

The label should be set as a reference to a string resource, so that it can be localized like other strings in the user interface. However, as a convenience while you're developing the application, it can also be set as a raw string.

android:logo

A logo for the application as whole, and the default logo for activities.

This attribute must be set as a reference to a drawable resource containing the image (for example"@drawable/logo"). There is no default logo.

android:manageSpaceActivity

The fully qualified name of an Activity subclass that the system can launch to let users manage the memory occupied by the application on the device. The activity should also be declared with an <activity> element.

android:name

The fully qualified name of an  Application subclass implemented for the application. When the application process is started, this class is instantiated before any of the application's components.

The subclass is optional; most applications won't need one. In the absence of a subclass, Android uses an instance of the base Application class.

android:permission

The name of a permission that clients must have in order to interact with the application. This attribute is a convenient way to set a permission that applies to all of the application's components. It can be overwritten by setting the  permission attributes of individual components.

For more information on permissions, see the Permissions section in the introduction and another document, Security and Permissions.

android:persistent

Whether or not the application should remain running at all times —  "true" if it should, and "false" if not. The default value is  "false". Applications should not normally set this flag; persistence mode is intended only for certain system applications.

android:process

The name of a process where all components of the application should run. Each component can override this default by setting its own  process attribute.

By default, Android creates a process for an application when the first of its components needs to run. All components then run in that process. The name of the default process matches the package name set by the <manifest> element.

By setting this attribute to a process name that's shared with another application, you can arrange for components of both applications to run in the same process — but only if the two applications also share a user ID and be signed with the same certificate.

If the name assigned to this attribute begins with a colon (':'), a new process, private to the application, is created when it's needed. If the process name begins with a lowercase character, a global process of that name is created. A global process can be shared with other applications, reducing resource usage.

android:restoreAnyVersion

Indicates that the application is prepared to attempt a restore of any backed-up data set, even if the backup was stored by a newer version of the application than is currently installed on the device. Setting this attribute to  true will permit the Backup Manager to attempt restore even when a version mismatch suggests that the data are incompatible.  Use with caution!

The default value of this attribute is false.

android:requiredAccountType

Specifies the account type required by the application in order to function. If your app requires an Account, the value for this attribute must correspond to the account authenticator type used by your app (as defined by  AuthenticatorDescription), such as "com.google".

The default value is null and indicates that the application can work without any accounts.

Because restricted profiles currently cannot add accounts, specifying this attribute makes your app unavailable from a restricted profile unless you also declare android:restrictedAccountTypewith the same value.

Caution: If the account data may reveal personally identifiable information, it's important that you declare this attribute and leave android:restrictedAccountType null, so that restricted profiles cannot use your app to access personal information that belongs to the owner user.

This attribute was added in API level 18.

android:restrictedAccountType

Specifies the account type required by this application and indicates that restricted profiles are allowed to access such accounts that belong to the owner user. If your app requires an  Accountand restricted profiles  are allowed to access the primary user's accounts, the value for this attribute must correspond to the account authenticator type used by your app (as defined by AuthenticatorDescription), such as "com.google".

The default value is null and indicates that the application can work without any accounts.

Caution: Specifying this attribute allows restricted profiles to use your app with accounts that belong to the owner user, which may reveal personally identifiable information. If the account may reveal personal details, you should not use this attribute and you should instead declare theandroid:requiredAccountType attribute to make your app unavailable to restricted profiles.

This attribute was added in API level 18.

android:supportsRtl

Declares whether your application is willing to support right-to-left (RTL) layouts.

If set to true and targetSdkVersion is set to 17 or higher, various RTL APIs will be activated and used by the system so your app can display RTL layouts. If set to false or if targetSdkVersion is set to 16 or lower, the RTL APIs will be ignored or will have no effect and your app will behave the same regardless of the layout direction associated to the user's Locale choice (your layouts will always be left-to-right).

The default value of this attribute is false.

This attribute was added in API level 17.

android:taskAffinity

An affinity name that applies to all activities within the application, except for those that set a different affinity with their own  taskAffinity attributes. See that attribute for more information.

By default, all activities within an application share the same affinity. The name of that affinity is the same as the package name set by the <manifest> element.

android:testOnly

Indicates whether this application is only for testing purposes. For example, it may expose functionality or data outside of itself that would cause a security hole, but is useful for testing. This kind of application can be installed only through adb.

android:theme

A reference to a style resource defining a default theme for all activities in the application. Individual activities can override the default by setting their own  theme attributes. For more information, see the  Styles and Themes developer guide.

android:uiOptions

Extra options for an activity's UI.

Must be one of the following values.

Value	Description
"none"	No extra UI options. This is the default.
"splitActionBarWhenNarrow"	Add a bar at the bottom of the screen to display action items in the app bar (also known as the action bar), when constrained for horizontal space (such as when in portrait mode on a handset). Instead of a small number of action items appearing in the app bar at the top of the screen, the app bar is split into the top navigation section and the bottom bar for action items. This ensures a reasonable amount of space is made available not only for the action items, but also for navigation and title elements at the top. Menu items are not split across the two bars; they always appear together.

For more information about the app bar, see the Adding the App Bar training class.

This attribute was added in API level 14.

android:usesCleartextTraffic

Indicates whether the app intends to use cleartext network traffic, such as cleartext HTTP. The default value is  "true".

When the attribute is set to "false", platform components (for example, HTTP and FTP stacks,DownloadManager, MediaPlayer) will refuse the app's requests to use cleartext traffic. Third-party libraries are strongly encouraged to honor this setting as well. The key reason for avoiding cleartext traffic is the lack of confidentiality, authenticity, and protections against tampering: a network attacker can eavesdrop on transmitted data and also modify it without being detected.

This flag is honored on a best effort basis because it's impossible to prevent all cleartext traffic from Android applications given the level of access provided to them. For example, there's no expectation that the Socket API will honor this flag because it cannot determine whether its traffic is in cleartext. However, most network traffic from applications is handled by higher-level network stacks/components which can honor this flag by either reading it from ApplicationInfo.flags orNetworkSecurityPolicy.isCleartextTrafficPermitted().

NOTE: WebView does not honor this flag.

During app development, StrictMode can be used to identify any cleartext traffic from the app: seeStrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder.detectCleartextNetwork().

This attribute was added in API level 23.

android:vmSafeMode

Indicates whether the app would like the virtual machine (VM) to operate in safe mode. The default value is  "false".

This attribute was added in API level 8 where a value of "true" disabled the Dalvik just-in-time (JIT) compiler.

This attribute was adapted in API level 22 where a value of "true" disabled the ART ahead-of-time (AOT) compiler.

INTRODUCED IN:

API Level 1

SEE ALSO:

<activity> 
<service> 
<receiver> 
<provider>

<application android:allowTaskReparenting=["true" | "false"]
             android:allowBackup=["true" | "false"]
             android:backupAgent="string"
             android:banner="drawable resource"
             android:debuggable=["true" | "false"]
             android:description="string resource"
             android:enabled=["true" | "false"]
             android:hasCode=["true" | "false"]
             android:hardwareAccelerated=["true" | "false"]
             android:icon="drawable resource"
             android:isGame=["true" | "false"]
             android:killAfterRestore=["true" | "false"]
             android:largeHeap=["true" | "false"]
             android:label="string resource"
             android:logo="drawable resource"
             android:manageSpaceActivity="string"
             android:name="string"
             android:permission="string"
             android:persistent=["true" | "false"]
             android:process="string"
             android:restoreAnyVersion=["true" | "false"]
             android:requiredAccountType="string"
             android:restrictedAccountType="string"
             android:supportsRtl=["true" | "false"]
             android:taskAffinity="string"
             android:testOnly=["true" | "false"]
             android:theme="resource or theme"
             android:uiOptions=["none" | "splitActionBarWhenNarrow"]
             android:usesCleartextTraffic=["true" | "false"]
             android:vmSafeMode=["true" | "false"] >
    . . .
</application>

包含在：

<清单>

可以包含：

<活动> 
<活性别名> 
<元数据> 
<服务> 
<接收者> 
<提供商> 
<使用库>

描述：

应用程序的声明。这个元素包含声明每个应用程序的组件的子元素，并且具有可以影响所有组件的属性。许多这些属性（诸如  图标， 标签， 许可， 过程，  taskAffinity和 allowTaskReparenting）组缺省值对应的构成要素的属性。其他（如  可调试， 启用， 说明，和  allowClearUserData）为应用程序作为一个整体，不能由部件覆盖设定值。

属性

机器人：allowTaskReparenting

不论该应用程序定义可以从他们开始，他们有当该任务旁边带到前面一个亲和的任务的任务移动活动- “ 真”，如果他们可以移动，而且  “假”，如果他们必须保持与在那里开始的任务。默认值是 “假”。

在 <活动> 元素都有自己的 allowTaskReparenting 可以覆盖此处设置的值属性。更多信息请参见该属性。

机器人：allowBackup

是否允许应用程序参与到备份和恢复的基础设施。如果此属性设置为false，没有备份，甚至通过全系统备份，否则将导致所有的应用数据通过ADB保存的应用将不断进行恢复。此属性的默认值是true。

机器人：backupAgent

实现了类的名称是应用程序的备份代理，的一个子类 BackupAgent。该属性值应该是一个完全合格的类名（例如， “com.example.project.MyBackupAgent” ）。然而，作为一个速记，如果名称的第一个字符是一个周期（例如， “.MyBackupAgent” ）时，它被附加到在该指定的包名称  <清单> 元素。

没有默认值。必须指定名称。

机器人：旗帜

一个 绘制资源 提供与其相关的项目扩展的图形化的一面旗帜。与使用  <应用程序>标签来提供一个默认的旗帜为所有应用程序的活动，或与  <活动> 标记为特定活动提供一个旗帜。

该系统使用的旗帜，代表在Android的电视主屏幕的应用程序。由于该横幅仅在主屏幕上显示出来，它只能通过与处理的活动应用程序指定 CATEGORY_LEANBACK_LAUNCHER意图。

此属性必须设置为包含图像（例如，绘制资源的引用“@绘制/旗帜”）。没有默认的旗帜。

见 横幅为电视设计的指导UI模式，并 提供一个主屏幕的旗帜在获取与电视应用程序启动以获取更多信息。

机器人：可调试

不管是不是可以将应用程序调试，在用户模式下的设备上运行，即使-  “ 真”，如果它可以， “假”，如果没有。默认值是 “假”。

机器人：描述

有关应用程序，比应用程序标签更长更具描述性的用户可读的文本。的值必须设置为一个字符串资源的参考。不同于标签，它不能成为一个原始字符串。没有默认值。

机器人：启用

Android系统是否能够实例化应用程序的组件-  “ 真”，如果它可以， “假” ，如果没有。如果值是 “真”，每个部件的  启用属性决定了组件是否被启用。如果值是 “假”，它会覆盖特定组件的价值; 所有组件都被禁用。

缺省值是“真”。

机器人：hasCode

不管是不是应用程序中包含的任何代码-  “ 真” ，如果是的话，和 “假”如果不是。当该值是 “假”，则系统不会试图启动组件时加载任何应用程序代码。缺省值是 “真”。

应用程序将没有自己的任何代码，只有当它的使用只是内置组件类，如使用该活动AliasActivity类，一个罕见的发生。

机器人：hardwareAccelerated

不管是不是硬件加速渲染应该为这个应用程序的所有活动和景色启用-  “ 真”，如果它应该被启用， “假”，如果没有。默认值是 “真”，如果你设置任何 的minSdkVersion 或 targetSdkVersion为 “14”或更高; 否则，它是 “假”。

从Android 3.0的（API级别11）开始，硬件加速的OpenGL渲染是提供给应用程序，以提高许多常见的2D图形操作的性能。当启用硬件加速渲染器，在帆布，油漆，Xfermode，ColorFilter，Shader和照相机的大部分操作都加速。这将导致更加平滑的动画，更流畅滚动，并整体提高了响应，即使应用程序没有明确使用该框架的OpenGL库。

注意，并非所有的OpenGL的2D操作的加速。如果启用硬件加速渲染器，测试应用程序，以确保它可以利用渲染没有错误。

欲了解更多信息，请阅读硬件加速指南。

安卓图标

为应用程序作为一个整体的图标，以及每个应用程序的组件的默认图标。查看各个  图标的属性  <活动>，  <活动别名>，  <服务>，  <接收器>和  <提供商>元素。

此属性必须设置为包含图像的可绘制资源的引用（例如“@绘制/图标”）。没有默认的图标。

机器人：isGame

是否该应用程序是一个游戏。该系统可以组合在一起应用classifed如游戏或其他应用程序中单独显示。

默认值是假的。

机器人：killAfterRestore

无论是一个完整的系统中已经恢复还原操作的设置后，有问题的应用程序应该被终止。单包恢复操作绝不会导致应用程序被关闭。全系统恢复时，先设置手机操作通常只出现一次。第三方应用程序通常不需要使用这个属性。

默认为真，这意味着应用程序已全系统在处理完它的数据恢复后，它将被终止。

机器人：largeHeap

无论您的应用程序的进程应该用大的Dalvik堆中创建。这适用于为应用程序创建的所有进程。它仅适用于装载到处理所述第一应用; 如果你使用一个共享的用户ID，允许多个应用程序使用过程中，他们都必须始终如一地使用这个选项，否则将产生不可预料的结果。

大多数应用程序不应该需要这个，而应着眼于减少其整体的内存使用以提高性能。启用此也不能保证在可用内存中一个固定的增加，因为有些设备是由它们的总可用内存的限制。

要在运行时查询可用的内存大小，使用的方法getMemoryClass（）或getLargeMemoryClass（）。

机器人：标签

为应用程序作为一个整体的用户可读的标签，以及每个应用程序的组件的默认标签。查看各个  标签的属性  <活动>，  <活动别名>，  <服务>，  <接收器>和  <提供商>元素。

标签应设置为一个字符串资源的引用，以便它可以被本地化一样在用户界面的其他串。但是，作为一种方便，而你开发的应用程序，它也可以被设置为一个原始字符串。

机器人：标志

一个应用程序作为一个整体标识，并为活动的默认标志。

此属性必须设置为包含图像（例如，绘制资源的引用“@绘制/标志”）。没有默认的标志。

机器人：manageSpaceActivity

一个活动的子类，该系统可以启动，让用户管理由设备上的应用程序占用的内存的全名。活动也应与申报  <活动>元素。

安卓：名称

一个的完全限定域名 应用 的应用程序实现的子类。当开始应用过程中，这个类是之前的任何应用程序的组件的实例化。

子类是可选的; 大多数应用程序并不需要之一。在没有一个子类，Android使用的基础应用类的一个实例。

机器人：许可

该客户端必须以与应用程序交互的许可的名称。该属性是设置适用于所有应用程序的组件的许可的简便方法。它可以通过设置被覆盖 的权限各个组件的属性。

有关权限的详细信息，请参阅 权限 在引进和其他文档，部分 安全和权限。

Android的：持续性

该应用程序是否应该时刻保持运行-  “ 真”，如果它应该和 “假”如果不是。默认值是 “假”。应用程序通常不应设置此标志; 余辉模式仅用于某些系统应用。

机器人：过程

一种工艺，其中该应用程序的所有组件应运行的名称。每个组件可以覆盖此默认设置自己的 进程 属性。

默认情况下，Android的为应用程序创建一个进程时，首先它的组件需要运行。所有的组件，然后在该进程中运行。默认进程的名称相匹配的设置的包名 <清单>元素。

通过设置这个属性给使用其他应用程序共享的进程名，你可以安排两个应用程序在同一个进程中运行的组成部分 - 但前提是两个应用程序也共享一个用户ID和相同的证书签名。

（“：”）如果分配给该属性名称以冒号开始，一个新的进程，私有的应用程序，在需要时被创建。如果进程名称以小写字母开头，将创建该名称的全球进程。一个全球性的过程可以与其他应用程序共享，减少资源的使用。

机器人：restoreAnyVersion

表明应用程序准备尝试恢复所有备份数据集，即使备份储存比目前在设备上安装应用程序的更新版本。这个属性设置为 真将允许备份管理器尝试当一个版本不匹配表明，数据不兼容，甚至恢复。  小心使用！

此属性的默认值是假的。

机器人：requiredAccountType

指定以功能所需的应用程序的帐户类型。如果你的应用需要一个 账户，该属性的值必须对应于您的应用程序使用（由所定义的帐户身份验证类型 AuthenticatorDescription），如“com.google”。

默认值是空的，表明程序就可以无需任何帐户。

由于限制的个人资料目前还无法添加帐户，指定此属性使您的应用受限个人资料无法使用，除非你还声明 的android：restrictedAccountType用相同的值。

注意： 如果帐户数据 ​​可能揭示的个人身份信息，重要的是你声明此属性，离开是很重要的restrictedAccountType：Android的空，让受限个人资料无法使用应用程序来访问属于所有者用户的个人信息。

在API级别18加入这个属性。

机器人：restrictedAccountType

指定此应用程序所需的帐户类型，并指出限制的个人资料被允许访问属于所有者用户帐户等。如果您的应用程序需要一个  帐户和限制的个人资料 被允许访问主用户的帐户，该属性的值必须对应于您的应用程序使用（由所定义的帐户身份验证类型 AuthenticatorDescription），如“com.google”。

默认值是空的，表明程序就可以无需任何帐户。

注意： 指定此属性允许限制的个人资料与属于所有者的用户，这可能会泄露个人身份信息的帐户使用您的应用程序。如果帐户可能泄露个人信息，你不应该 使用这个属性，您应该声明的android：requiredAccountType属性，使你的应用程序无法使用限制的个人资料。

在API级别18加入这个属性。

机器人：supportsRtl

声明你的应用是否愿意支持从右到左（RTL）布局。

如果设置为真，并targetSdkVersion设置为17或更高，各种RTL的API将被激活，并通过系统使用，因此您的应用程序可以显示RTL布局。如果设置为假，或者如果targetSdkVersion设置为16或更低，则RTL的API会被忽略或不会有任何效果，你的应用程序将具有相同的行为，无论关联到用户的区域选择布局方向（你的布局将永远留-to-右）。

此属性的默认值是假的。

在API级别17加入这个属性。

机器人：taskAffinity

适用于所有活动的应用程序中，除了那些设置了不同的亲和力与自己的亲和力名  taskAffinity 属性。更多信息请参见该属性。

缺省情况下，应用程序内的所有活动共享相同的亲和力。该亲和力的名字是相同的设定的包名称 <清单>元素。

机器人：testOnly

指示此应用程序是否仅用于测试目的。例如，它可能暴露的本身之外的功能或数据，将导致一个安全漏洞，但对于测试是有用的。这种应用只能通过亚行安装。

安卓主题

引用到样式定义资源的默认主题为应用程序中的所有活动。个别活动可以覆盖通过设置自己默认的 主题 属性。欲了解更多信息，请参阅 样式和主题开 ​​发人员指南。

机器人：uiOptions

为活动的UI额外的选项。

必须是以下值之一。

值	描述
“没有”	没有额外的UI选项。这是默认的。
“splitActionBarWhenNarrow”	在屏幕显示的操作项目的底部增加一个栏应用栏（也称为 操作栏），受限于横向空间时（例如，当在纵向模式在手机上）。相反，少数出现在屏幕顶部的应用程序栏行动项目，应用栏分成顶部导航部分和操作项的底部栏。这确保的空间合理量是由不仅可用于该操作的物品，也为在顶部导航和标题元素。菜单项目不跨越两个酒吧分割; 他们总是一起出现。

有关应用栏的详细信息，请参阅添加应用栏培训班。

在API级别14加入这个属性。

机器人：usesCleartextTraffic

指示应用程序是否打算使用明文的网络流量，如HTTP明文。缺省值是 “真”。

当属性设置为“假”，平台组件（例如，HTTP和FTP协议栈，下载管理器，MediaPlayer的）将拒绝应用程序的请求使用明文流量。第三方库强烈建议采用此设置为好。避免明文交通的关键原因是缺乏保密性，真实性和保护反对篡改：网络攻击者可以窃听传输的数据，并对其进行修改而不被发现。

这个标志是一个按尽力基准荣幸，因为这是不可能的，以防止给定的访问提供给他们的级别的Android应用程序的所有明文流量。例如，没有期望，插座 API将尊重这个标志，因为它不能确定其交通是否以明文形式。然而，大多数的应用程序的网络流量是由更高级别的网络堆栈/组件，可通过从阅读它兑现这个标志处理ApplicationInfo.flags或NetworkSecurityPolicy.isCleartextTrafficPermitted（） 。

注：的WebView不接受此标志。

在应用程序开发，StrictMode可用于从应用程序识别任何明文交通：见StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder.detectCleartextNetwork（） 。

在API级别23加入这个属性。

机器人：vmSafeMode

指示应用程序是否想在虚拟机（VM）在安全模式下运行。默认值是 “假”。

在API级别8加入这个属性，其中禁用的Dalvik刚刚在实时（JIT）编译器的“真”值。

这个属性被改编在“真”值禁用ART名列前茅的时间（AOT）编译器API级别22。

介绍了：

API级别1

也可以看看：

<活动> 
的<service> 
<接收者> 
<提供商>