一、 概述
1、一对一
举例:身份证号对人,一个身份证好只能对应一个人,一个人也只能对应一个身份证号,这就是一对一;
特例:Mybatis将多对一看做是一对一;
2、多对多
举例:学生对老师,一个老师可以教多个学生,一个学生也可以被多个老师教,这就是多对多;
二、一对多案例演示
1、需求
用户和账户:
一个用户可以有多个账户;
一个账户只能属于一个用户(多个账户也可以属于同一个用户);
2、步骤
第一步:建立两张表:用户表、账户表;
让用户表和账户表之间具备一对多的关系,需要在账户表中添加外键;
第二步:建立两个实体类:用户实体类和账户实体类;
让用户和账户的实体类体现出一对多的关系;
第三步:建立两个配置文件:用户的配置文件、账户的配置文件;
第四步:实现配置:当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户下所包含账户的信息;当我们查询账户时,可以得到账户所属用户的信息;
3、一对多代码演示
SQL语句:
CREATE TABLE `account` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
`UID` int(11) default NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
`MONEY` double default NULL COMMENT '金额',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
KEY `FK_Reference_8` (`UID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_8` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `account`(`ID`,`UID`,`MONEY`) values (1,46,1000),(2,45,1000),(3,46,2000);
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis0203</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13-beta-3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
IAccountDao:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.Account;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.AccountUser;
import java.util.List;
public interface IAccountDao {
//查询所有账户
List<Account> findAll();
//查询所有账户带user的用户名和地址信息
List<AccountUser> findAllAccount();
}
IUserDao:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface IUserDao {
//查询所有,同时获取到用户所有的账户信息
List<User> findAll();
//根据id查询一条数据
User findById(Integer userId);
}
Account:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain;
public class Account {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private double money;
private User user;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(double money) {
this.money = money;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
AccountUser:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain;
public class AccountUser extends Account {
private String username;
private String address;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + " AccountUser{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
User:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private Date birthday;
private String sex;
private String address;
//一对多关系映射:主表实体应该包含从表实体的集合引用
private List<Account> accounts;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public List<Account> getAccounts() {
return accounts;
}
public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
this.accounts = accounts;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
IAccountDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IAccountDao">
<!-- 定义封装account和user的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="accountUserMap" type="account">
<id property="id" column="aid"/>
<result property="uid" column="uid"/>
<result property="money" column="money"/>
<!-- 一对一关系映射,配置封装user的内容-->
<association property="user" column="uid" javaType="user">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="username" column="username"/>
<result property="address" column="address"/>
<result property="sex" column="sex"/>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<!--配置查询所有-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="accountUserMap">
select u.*,a.id as aid,a.uid,a.money from account a,user u where u.id = a.uid;
</select>
<!--查询一条数据-->
<select id="findAllAccount" resultType="accountUser">
select a.*,u.username,u.address from account a,user u where u.id = a.uid;
</select>
</mapper>
IUserDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 定义User的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="userAccountMap" type="user">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="username" column="username"/>
<result property="address" column="address"/>
<result property="sex" column="sex"/>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
<!-- 配置user对象中accounts集合的映射 -->
<collection property="accounts" ofType="account">
<id column="aid" property="id"/>
<result column="uid" property="uid"/>
<result column="money" property="money"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userAccountMap">
select * from user u left outer join account a on u.id = a.uid
</select>
<!--查询一条数据-->
<select id="findById" parameterType="Integer" resultType="user">
select * from user where id = #{随便写};
</select>
</mapper>
log4j.properties:
# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
#log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE debug info warn error fatal
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
# Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE
# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
# LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\axis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
SqlMapConfig.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 在 SqlMapConfig.xml 中配置: -->
<typeAliases>
<!-- 单个别名定义 -->
<!-- <typeAlias alias="user" type="com.itheima.domain.User"/>-->
<!-- 批量别名定义,扫描整个包下的类,别名为类名(首字母大写或小写都可以) -->
<package name="com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- mysql的配置-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务的类型-->
<transactionManager type="JDBC">
</transactionManager>
<!-- 配置数据源(连接池)-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<!-- 配置数据库的4个基本信息-->
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zibo?serverTimezone=UTC"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="zibo15239417242"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 指定映射配置文件的位置-->
<mappers>
<!-- <mapper resource="com/zibo/mybatis_crud/dao/IUserDao.xml"/>-->
<!-- 注册指定包下的所有 mapper 接口-->
<package name="com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
Main:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IUserDao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.Account;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.AccountUser;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class Main {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao iUserDao;
private IAccountDao iAccountDao;
/**
* 初始化
*/
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
//1、读取配置文件
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2、创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
//3、通过SqlSessionFactory工厂生产SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4、使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象
iUserDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
iAccountDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IAccountDao.class);
}
@After
public void end() throws IOException {
//6、释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
//5、使用代理对象执行方法
List<User> users = iUserDao.findAll();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
}
}
@Test
public void testFindById(){
//5、使用代理对象执行方法
User user = iUserDao.findById(45);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindAll_A(){
//5、使用代理对象执行方法
List<Account> accounts = iAccountDao.findAll();
for (Account account : accounts) {
System.out.println(account);
System.out.println(account.getUser());
}
}
@Test
public void testFindAllAccount_A(){
//5、使用代理对象执行方法
List<AccountUser> accounts = iAccountDao.findAllAccount();
for (AccountUser account : accounts) {
System.out.println(account);
}
}
}
文件位置结构图:
三、多对多案例演示
1、需求
示例:用户和角色
一个用户可以有多个角色;
一个角色可以赋予多个用户;
2、步骤
第一步:建立两张表:用户表、角色表;
让用户表和角色表具有多对多的关系,需要使用中间表,中间表中包含各自的主键,在中间表中是外键;
第二步:建立两个实体类:用户实体类和角色实体类;
让用户和角色的实体类体现出多对多的关系;
各自包含对方一个集合;
第三步:建立两个配置文件:用户的配置文件、角色的配置文件;
第四步:实现配置:当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户下所包含角色的信息;当我们查询角色时,可以得到账户所属用户的信息;
3、代码演示
SQL:
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
`birthday` datetime default NULL COMMENT '生日',
`sex` char(1) default NULL COMMENT '性别',
`address` varchar(256) default NULL COMMENT '地址',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `user`(`id`,`username`,`birthday`,`sex`,`address`) values (41,'老王','2018-02-27 17:47:08','男','北京'),(42,'小二王','2018-03-02 15:09:37','女','北京金燕龙'),(43,'小二王','2018-03-04 11:34:34','女','北京金燕龙'),(45,'传智播客','2018-03-04 12:04:06','男','北京金燕龙'),(46,'老王','2018-03-07 17:37:26','男','北京'),(48,'小马宝莉','2018-03-08 11:44:00','女','北京修正');
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
`ROLE_NAME` varchar(30) default NULL COMMENT '角色名称',
`ROLE_DESC` varchar(60) default NULL COMMENT '角色描述',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `role`(`ID`,`ROLE_NAME`,`ROLE_DESC`) values (1,'院长','管理整个学院'),(2,'总裁','管理整个公司'),(3,'校长','管理整个学校');
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`UID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
`RID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色编号',
PRIMARY KEY (`UID`,`RID`),
KEY `FK_Reference_10` (`RID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_10` FOREIGN KEY (`RID`) REFERENCES `role` (`ID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_9` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `user_role`(`UID`,`RID`) values (41,1),(45,1),(41,2);
IRoleDao:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.Role;
import java.util.List;
public interface IRoleDao {
//查询所有,同时获取到角色所有的用户信息
List<Role> findAll();
}
IUserDao:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface IUserDao {
//查询所有,同时获取到用户所有的角色信息
List<User> findAll();
}
Role:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
public class Role implements Serializable {
private Integer roleId;
private String roleName;
private String roleDesc;
//多对多关系映射
private List<User> users;
public Integer getRoleId() {
return roleId;
}
public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) {
this.roleId = roleId;
}
public String getRoleName() {
return roleName;
}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
this.roleName = roleName;
}
public String getRoleDesc() {
return roleDesc;
}
public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {
this.roleDesc = roleDesc;
}
public List<User> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
this.users = users;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Role{" +
"roleId=" + roleId +
", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
User:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private Date birthday;
private String sex;
private String address;
//多对多
private List<Role> roles;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public List<Role> getRoles() {
return roles;
}
public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
this.roles = roles;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", birthday=" + birthday +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
IRoleDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IRoleDao">
<!-- 定义User的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="RoleMap" type="role">
<id property="roleId" column="rid"/>
<result property="roleName" column="role_name"/>
<result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"/>
<collection property="users" ofType="user">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="username" column="username"/>
<result property="address" column="address"/>
<result property="sex" column="sex"/>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="RoleMap">
select u.*,r.id as rid,r.role_name,r.role_desc from role r
left outer join user_role ur on r.ID = ur.rid
left outer join user u on u.id = ur.uid;
</select>
</mapper>
IUserDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IUserDao">
<!-- 定义User的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="userMap" type="user">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="username" column="username"/>
<result property="address" column="address"/>
<result property="sex" column="sex"/>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"/>
<!-- 配置user对象中accounts集合的映射 -->
<collection property="roles" ofType="role">
<id property="roleId" column="rid"/>
<result property="roleName" column="role_name"/>
<result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
select u.*,r.id as rid,r.role_name,r.role_desc from user u
left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.UID
left outer join role r on ur.RID = r.ID;
</select>
</mapper>
Main:
package com.zibo.mybatis_crud;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IRoleDao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.dao.IUserDao;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.Role;
import com.zibo.mybatis_crud.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class Main {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private IUserDao iUserDao;
private IRoleDao iRoleDao;
/**
* 初始化
*/
@Before
public void init() throws IOException {
//1、读取配置文件
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2、创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
//3、通过SqlSessionFactory工厂生产SqlSession对象
sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
//4、使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象
iUserDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
iRoleDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IRoleDao.class);
}
@After
public void end() throws IOException {
//6、释放资源
sqlSession.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* 测试查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
//5、使用代理对象执行方法
List<User> users = iUserDao.findAll();
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user.getRoles());
}
}
@Test
public void testFindAll_R(){
//5、使用代理对象执行方法
List<Role> roles = iRoleDao.findAll();
for (Role role : roles) {
System.out.println(role);
System.out.println(role.getUsers());
}
}
}
其他配置文件等,见一对多代码演示;