【Python】了解 Python 多重继承 -- MRO

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查看 Python 类的继承体系

查看 datetime.date 的继承体系

>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.date.__mro__

Out:

(datetime.date, object)

查看 datetime.datetime 的继承体系

>>> datetime.datetime.__mro__

Out:

(datetime.datetime, datetime.date, object)

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多重继承

两个有相同方法名的类：

class AboutMROA:
    def common_func(self):
        print("call me at: ", "AboutMROA")

class AboutMROB:
    def common_func(self):
        print("call me at: ", "AboutMROB")

继承顺序

先 A 后 B

多重继承，与顺序，调用父类方法：

class OrderFirstAThenB(AboutMROA, AboutMROB):
    def common_func(self):
        print("call me at: ", 'OrderFirstAThenB')
        super().common_func()

检查 MRO:

>>> OrderFirstAThenB.__mro__

Out:

(__main__.OrderFirstAThenB, __main__.AboutMROA, __main__.AboutMROB, object)

调用这个方法执行的逻辑：

>>> OrderFirstAThenB().common_func()

Out:

call me at:  OrderFirstAThenB
call me at:  AboutMROA

先 B 后 A

class OrderFirstBThenA(AboutMROB, AboutMROA):
    def common_func(self):
        print("call me at: ", 'OrderFirstBThenA')
        super().common_func()

>>> OrderFirstBThenA.__mro__
(__main__.OrderFirstBThenA, __main__.AboutMROB, __main__.AboutMROA, object)

>>> OrderFirstBThenA().common_func()
call me at:  OrderFirstBThenA
call me at:  AboutMROB

相同的方法名，会按照 MRO 规则，找到第一个类里面的该方法，然后执行，如果多重继承后面的类也有改方法，其实是等效于被靠前的类中改方法覆盖/重写了这个方法

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Reference