0. 前言
相信各位小伙伴读了之前的文章,对 Canvas 基础已经有了一定的认识和了解,但是大家也一定记得我在上一篇文章留了一个小的坑。
就是我没有告诉大家该如何去绘制圆,之所以没有说是因为绘制圆实际上是因为 CanvasRenderingContext2D 对象只提供了两个绘制矩形的方法,并没有直接提供绘制圆,椭圆等几何图形的方法。为了在 Canvas 上绘制更复杂的方法,必须在 Canvas 上启用路径,借用路径来绘制图形。
那么我们现在就一起来看一看,该如何使用路径来绘制圆等图形吧。
——————我是华丽的分割线———————-
下一篇文章预告, canvas 的各种图像特效。
另外,接下来一段时间,小编要享受一下假期,暂时不会给各位读者老爷更新啦,希望各位老爷耐心等待。
1.使用路径
在 Canvas 上使用路径,可按照下面的步骤进行。
- 调用 CanvasRenderingContext2D 对象的 beginPath()方法开始定义路径。
- 调用CanvasRenderingContext2D 的各种方法添加子路径。
- 调用CanvasRenderingContext2D 的 closePath 方法关闭路径。
- 调用CanvasRenderingContext2D 的fill()或 stroke()方法来填充路径或者绘制路径边框。
那我们明确了该如何去进行应该怎么去使用路径,那么我们接下来就来介绍一下 canvas 中添加子路径的方法。
- | - |
---|---|
arc(float x,float y,float radius,float startAngle,float endAngle,boolean counterclockwise) | 向 canvas 的当前路径上添加一段弧。绘制以 x , y 为圆心,radius 为半径,从 startAngle 角度开始,到 endAngle 角度结束的圆弧。startAngle 和 endAngle 以角度为单位。 |
arcTo(float x1,float x2,float y1,float y2,float radius) | 向 canvas 的当前路径上添加一段弧。与上一个方法不同的地方只是定义弧的方式不同。 |
bezierCurveTo(float cpX1, float cpY1, float cpX2, float cpY2, float x, float y) | 在当前路径上添加一段贝塞尔曲线 |
quadraticCurveTo(float cpX, float cpY,float x,float y) | 向 canvas 当前路径添加一段二次贝塞尔曲线 |
rect(float x, float y,float width, float height) | 向 canvas 的当前路径上添加一个矩形 |
方法就这些,但是参数就显得非常多了,咱们来一条条的来看看这些方法的具体使用吧。
1.1 绘制圆
首先我们来学习下如何绘制圆,首先明确,我们应该去使用 arc ( ) 方法,那么我们该如何去使用这个方法呢?
咱们,放“码”过来。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">lang</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"en"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">charset</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"UTF-8"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>Document<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span>绘制圆形<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"canvas_1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"500"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px black;"</span>></span> 当前浏览器不支持 canvas <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取 canvas 元素对应的 DOM 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> canvas_1 = document.getElementById(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"canvas_1"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取在 canvas 上绘图的 canvasRenderingContent2D 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctx = canvas_1.getContext(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2d"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 我们多去绘制几个圆形,使用下 for 循环</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span> ; i++){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 开始定义路径</span> ctx.beginPath(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加一段圆弧</span> ctx.arc(i * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>,i * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span>,(i + <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.PI * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 关闭路径</span> ctx.closePath(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置填充颜色</span> ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'rgba(255,0,255,'</span>+ (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span> - i) * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.1</span> + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">')'</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 填充当前路径</span> ctx.fill(); } </span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>
最后实现效果如下:
不知道小伙伴们是否看懂了上面的程序呢?
如果没看懂也无所谓,咱们就来一起说一说上面内容中的难点。
首先说一下,Math.PI 实际上指代的就是 π,换而言之也就是 180°,那么我们上面使用的角度是 Math.PI * 2,也就是绘制了一个圆形。
之后再说一下 arc(float x,float y,float radius,float startAngle,float endAngle,boolean counterclockwise)
这个方法。
里面一共有 6 个参数,这六个参数实际上对应的是:
- | - |
---|---|
float x | 指定圆弧的圆心的 X 坐标 |
float y | 指定圆弧的圆心的 Y 坐标 |
float radius | 指定圆弧的半径 |
float startAngle | 设置圆弧的开始角度 |
float endAngle | 设置圆弧的结束角度 |
boolean counterclockwise | 设置是否顺时针旋转 |
这样不知道大家对我们绘制圆是否清楚明白了呢?
如果有任何疑问请及时留言回复呦。
1.2 绘制圆角矩形
我们之前已经学习过绘制圆形,也学习过绘制矩形,甚至我们也可以通过 lineJoin 去对我们的元素的圆角去进行修改。
但是,固定的东西我们不需要,我们真正需要的是可以自定义,可以根据我们想要的效果能够随意订制的内容。
为了做到这个目的,我们还可以去使用 arcTo 来去绘制一段圆弧。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">lang</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"en"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">charset</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"UTF-8"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>Document<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span>绘制圆形<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"canvas_1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"500"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px black;"</span>></span> 当前浏览器不支持 canvas <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 该方法负责绘制圆角矩形 x1 , y2 : 圆角矩形左上角的坐标 width,height:控制圆角矩形的宽度和高度 radius:控制圆角矩形的四个圆角的半径 */</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">creatRoundRect</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(ctx, x1, y1, width, height, radius)</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 移动到左上角的开始点</span> ctx.moveTo(x1 + radius, y1); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加一条连接开始点到右上角的线段</span> ctx.lineTo(x1 + width - radius, y1); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加右上角的一段圆弧</span> ctx.arcTo(x1 + width, y1, x1 + width, y1 + radius, radius); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加一条连接到右下角的线段</span> ctx.lineTo(x1 + width, y1 + height - radius); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加右下角的一段圆弧</span> ctx.arcTo(x1 + width, y1 + height, x1 + width - radius, y1 + height, radius); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加一条由右下角连接到左下角的线段</span> ctx.lineTo(x1 + radius, y1 + height); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加左下的圆弧</span> ctx.arcTo(x1, y1 + height, x1, y1 + height - radius,radius); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加一条由左下角连接到左上角的线段</span> ctx.lineTo(x1, y1 + radius); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 添加一段圆弧</span> ctx.arcTo(x1, y1, x1 + radius, y1, radius); ctx.closePath(); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取 canvas 元素对应的 DOM 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> canvas_1 = document.getElementById(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"canvas_1"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取在 canvas 上绘图的 canvasRenderingContent2D 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctx = canvas_1.getContext(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2d"</span>); ctx.lineWidth = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>; creatRoundRect(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>); ctx.stroke(); </span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li></ul>
注意,我在这里分别绘制了四条线和四个弧度角,并且让他们首尾相连,以此来达到绘制矩形框的作用。
其次就是专门去封装了一个函数,用于绘制圆角矩形,回头有需要的小伙伴可以直接自行粘贴呦。
1.3 绘制多角形
不知道大家对之前绘制三角形是否还记得?
我们在绘制三角形的时候,主要是去使用 lineTo 和 moveTo 这两个方法,可是我们在生活中遇到的图形远远不止这么几种图形。
那么我们今天就来学习一下如何去绘制多角形。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">lang</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"en"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">charset</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"UTF-8"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>Document<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span>绘制多角形<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"canvas_1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"500"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px black;"</span>></span> 当前浏览器不支持 canvas <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 该方法用于绘制多角形 n:该参数通常设置为奇数,控制绘制 N 角星 dx、dy:控制 N 角星的位置 size:控制 N 角星的大小 */</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">creatStar</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context, n, dx, dy, size)</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 开始创建路径</span> context.beginPath(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> dig = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.PI / n * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>; context.moveTo(dx, y + dy); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i <= n; i++){ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> x = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.sin(i * dig); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> y = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.cos(i * dig); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制从当前点连接到指定点的线条</span> context.lineTo(x * size + dx, y * size + dy); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 关闭路径</span> context.closePath(); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取 canvas 元素对应的 DOM 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> canvas_1 = document.getElementById(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"canvas_1"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取在 canvas 上绘图的 canvasRenderingContent2D 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctx = canvas_1.getContext(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2d"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制三角星</span> creatStar(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'#f00'</span>; ctx.fill(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制五角星</span> creatStar(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">160</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'#0f0'</span>; ctx.fill(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制七角星</span> creatStar(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">260</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'#00f'</span>; ctx.fill(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制九角星</span> creatStar(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">360</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'#f0f'</span>; ctx.fill(); </span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li></ul>
可以看到我们又去封装了一个方法,专门用于绘制多角星,当然我们也可以在这个基础之上去继续拓展,这些就需要看小伙伴们的发挥啦。
1.4 绘制曲线
还记得我们在一开始的时候我们学习了五个方法,除了现在已经学习的绘制圆和绘制圆角矩形,是不是还有一些奇奇怪怪的方法?
那么我们现在就开始来学习这些方法。
首先先来学习一下,添加贝塞尔曲线。
- | - |
---|---|
bezierCurveTo(float cpX1, float cpY1, float cpX2, float cpY2, float x, float y) | 在当前路径上添加一段贝塞尔曲线 |
quadraticCurveTo(float cpX, float cpY,float x,float y) | 向 canvas 当前路径添加一段二次贝塞尔曲线 |
首先来看看第一个方法,第一个方法中实际上有四个点需要注意。
他们分别是
- 左下角的开始点
- 粉红色的第一个控制点(锚点)
- 藏青色的第二个控制点(锚点)
- 右上角的结束点
而方法中 cpX1 和 cpY1 则是控制第一个控制点的坐标,
后面的 cpX2 和 cpY2 则是控制第二个控制点的坐标。
而二次贝塞尔曲线又是怎么回事呢?
和正常贝塞尔不同,二次曲线只需要三个点:
- 左下角的开始点
- 藏青色的控制点
- 右上角的结束点
方法中的 cpX 和 cpY 则是去设置控制点的坐标。
那么我们来一起试一试,该如何去绘制一个个花朵。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">lang</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"en"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">charset</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"UTF-8"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>Document<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span>绘制花朵<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"canvas_1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"500"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px black;"</span>></span> 当前浏览器不支持 canvas <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 该方法负责绘制花朵 n:该参数控制花朵的花瓣数 dx,dy:控制花朵的位置 size:控制花朵的大小 length:控制花瓣的长度 */</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">creatFlower</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context, n, dx, dy, size, length)</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 开始创建路径</span> context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(dx, dy + size); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> dig = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> * <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.PI / n; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; i < n + <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; i++){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 计算控制点的坐标</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctrlX = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.sin((i - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.5</span>) * dig) * length + dx; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctrlY = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.cos((i - <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.5</span>) * dig) * length + dy; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 计算结束点的坐标</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> x = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.sin(i * dig) * size + dx; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> y = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">Math</span>.cos(i * dig) * size + dy; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制二次曲线</span> context.quadraticCurveTo(ctrlX, ctrlY, x, y); } context.closePath(); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取 canvas 元素对应的 DOM 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> canvas_1 = document.getElementById(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"canvas_1"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取在 canvas 上绘图的 canvasRenderingContent2D 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctx = canvas_1.getContext(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2d"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制五瓣的花朵</span> creatFlower(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">70</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">80</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"#f00"</span>; ctx.fill(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制六瓣的花朵</span> creatFlower(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">220</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">80</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"#ff0"</span>; ctx.fill(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制七瓣的花朵</span> creatFlower(ctx, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">370</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">80</span>); ctx.fillStyle = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"#f0f"</span>; ctx.fill(); </span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li></ul>
1.5 绘制位图
一直到现在我们讲了如何去绘制线,三角形,多角星,矩形,圆,花朵,圆角矩形等各种图形。
但是除了这些基础图形之外,我们还可以去绘制“位图”,让一张图片绘制在我们的画布之上。
那我们怎么来做呢?
我们既然想将我们的图片载入到我们的画布中,怎么做呢?我们先来差混构建一个 Image 对象。
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> image = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Image(); image.src = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"lipeng.png"</span>;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
需要注意两点,
- 我们的程序只是创建,加载图片,所以调用 image 时无需传入宽度和高度,这样创建的 image 将会与 src 属性指定的图片保持相同的宽度和高度。
- src 加载图片是进行异步加载,如果图片数据太大,或者直接来自于网络,当我们网速较慢的时候,会发现我们的图片绘制会非常慢,导致影响用户使用。我们可以使用 onload 去保证我们一定是在图片加载完成后再绘制。
<code class="hljs javascript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> image = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Image(); image.src = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"lipeng.png"</span>; image.onload = <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">()</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//绘制图片</span> }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
学习了如何去加载图片,我们就可以向我们的画布中添加图片了么?
没有方法你怎么去添加图片呀,魂淡。
我们还要学习添加图片的方法,这里跟大家说三种方法。
- | - |
---|---|
drawImage(Image image, float x, float y) | 把 image 绘制在 x, y 处。该方法不会对图片做任何缩放处理,绘制处理的图片保持原来的大小 |
drawImage(Image image, float x, float y, float width, float height) | 把 image 绘制在 x, y 处。该方法会对图片进行缩放,绘制出来的宽度为 width,高度为 height。 |
drawImage(Image image, integer sx, integer sy, integer sw, integer sh, float dx, float dy,float dw, float dh) | 该方法将会从 image 上“挖出”一块绘制到画布上。其中 sx, sy 两个参数控制从原图片上的哪一个位置开始挖去, sw, sh 两个参数控制从原图片挖球的宽度和高度;dx, dy 两个参数控制把挖取的图片绘制到画布上的哪个位置,而 dw, dh 则控制对绘制图片进行缩放,绘制出来的宽度是 dw, 高度 dh |
我们知道了方法,那就来一起学习下,该如何用代码来实现吧。
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">lang</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"en"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">charset</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"UTF-8"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>Document<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span>绘制位图<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h2</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"canvas_1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"1000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"500"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px black;"</span>></span> 当前浏览器不支持 canvas <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">canvas</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">div</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取 canvas 元素对应的 DOM 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> canvas_1 = document.getElementById(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"canvas_1"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取在 canvas 上绘图的 canvasRenderingContent2D 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> ctx = canvas_1.getContext(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"2d"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建 image 对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> image = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Image(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建 image 对象装载图片</span> image.src = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"lipeng.png"</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 当图片加载完成后触发该函数</span> image.onload = <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">()</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 保持原大小绘制图片</span> ctx.drawImage(image, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制图片的时候进行缩放</span> ctx.drawImage(image, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">600</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">76</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">110</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 从原图中挖去一块,放大三倍后绘制在 canvas 上</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> sd = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> sh = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 参数说明 Image image, integer sx, integer sy, integer sw, integer sh, float dx, float dy,float dw, float dh sx, sy 两个参数控制从原图片上的哪一个位置开始挖去, sw, sh 两个参数控制从原图片挖球的宽度和高度; dx, dy 两个参数控制把挖取的图片绘制到画布上的哪个位置,而 dw, dh 则控制对绘制图片进行缩放,绘制出来的宽度是 dw, 高度 dh */</span> ctx.drawImage(image, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">230</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">220</span>,sd, sh, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">765</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>, sd * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>, sh * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>); } </span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li></ul>
结果如下:
怎么样,是不是觉得瞬间高大上了呢?赶快学起来啦。