Quartz+JAVA+Servlet实现任务调度系统（简洁）

1.开发环境 tomcat8.5，Jdk1.8，maven ；技术：java ,quartz,servlet(为了简便)
2.该系统使用场景：

`在12306上买了一张火车票，30分钟内需要支付（需要添加一个倒计时），30分钟还没有支付就请求取消订单的接口（自动根据url请求），如果支付了收到了支付的回调通知后，就删除计时器上的该任务
`

3.测试环境：需要两个项目，一个为生产环境，一个为调度服务器（后边测试我只用一个调度环境，生产环境通过http请求工具模拟测试）
4.创建maven项目：JobServer ，下图是项目结构图

5.引入所需要依赖的jar包

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.quartz-scheduler/quartz -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-collections/commons-collections -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-lang/commons-lang -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.ezmorph/ezmorph -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId>
            <artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.json-lib/json-lib -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>

编写以下类：

Config.java

package com.job.config;

public class Config {
    public static String token="SB is zhangke";
    private Config() {
        super();
    }

}

JobGroupInfo.java

package com.job.model;

public class JobGroupInfo {
    private String jobName;//任务名字
    private String jobGroupName;//组名字
    private Long nextFireTime;//下次执行时间
    public String getJobName() {
        return jobName;
    }
    public void setJobName(String jobName) {
        this.jobName = jobName;
    }
    public String getJobGroupName() {
        return jobGroupName;
    }
    public void setJobGroupName(String jobGroupName) {
        this.jobGroupName = jobGroupName;
    }
    public Long getNextFireTime() {
        return nextFireTime;
    }
    public void setNextFireTime(Long nextFireTime) {
        this.nextFireTime = nextFireTime;
    }
    public JobGroupInfo() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public JobGroupInfo(String jobName, String jobGroupName, Long nextFireTime) {
        super();
        this.jobName = jobName;
        this.jobGroupName = jobGroupName;
        this.nextFireTime = nextFireTime;
    }

}

package com.job.model;

TaskInfo.java

public class TaskInfo {
    private String backUrl;//任务回调地址
    private String jobName;//任务名字
    private Integer seconds;//计时时间
    private Object context;//其他内容
    private Integer errormaxcount;//失败请求的次数
    private String jobGorupName;//任务组名字

    public String getJobGorupName() {
        return jobGorupName;
    }
    public void setJobGorupName(String jobGorupName) {
        this.jobGorupName = jobGorupName;
    }
    public Integer getErrormaxcount() {
        return errormaxcount;
    }
    public void setErrormaxcount(Integer errormaxcount) {
        this.errormaxcount = errormaxcount;
    }
    public String getBackUrl() {
        return backUrl;
    }
    public void setBackUrl(String backUrl) {
        this.backUrl = backUrl;
    }
    public String getJobName() {
        return jobName;
    }
    public void setJobName(String jobName) {
        this.jobName = jobName;
    }
    public Integer getSeconds() {
        return seconds;
    }
    public void setSeconds(Integer seconds) {
        this.seconds = seconds;
    }
    public Object getContext() {
        return context;
    }
    public void setContext(Object context) {
        this.context = context;
    }
    public TaskInfo() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public TaskInfo(String backUrl, String jobName, Integer seconds,
            Object context, Integer errormaxcount, String jobGorupName) {
        super();
        this.backUrl = backUrl;
        this.jobName = jobName;
        this.seconds = seconds;
        this.context = context;
        this.errormaxcount = errormaxcount;
        this.jobGorupName = jobGorupName;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "TaskInfo [backUrl=" + backUrl + ", jobName=" + jobName
                + ", seconds=" + seconds + ", context=" + context
                + ", errormaxcount=" + errormaxcount + ", jobGorupName="
                + jobGorupName + "]";
    }


}

JobBack.java

package com.job.server;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import com.job.config.Config;
import com.job.model.TaskInfo;
import com.job.utli.HttpUtil;
import com.job.utli.MD5Util;

/**
 * 执行回调任务
 * 
 * @author niewei
 *
 */
public class JobBack implements Job {
    //回调执行方法
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
        //得到添加任务中的参数
        TaskInfo task = (TaskInfo) context.getMergedJobDataMap().get("task");
        sendBack(task);
    }

    private void sendBack(TaskInfo task) {
        task.setErrormaxcount(task.getErrormaxcount() - 1);
        // 得到参数请求回调
        try {
            //拼装请求地址以及参数
            String uri = "jobName=" + task.getJobName() + "&context=" + task.getContext() + "&jobGorupName="
                    + task.getJobGorupName() + "&paramkey=" + MD5Util.GetMD5Code(Config.token);
            //请求并得到返回值
            String res = HttpUtil.request_post(task.getBackUrl(), uri);
            //如果返回值不是“SUCCESS” 就等待10S进行重复请求（此处避免请求失败就结束请求，参数中传递了一个失败请求次数）
            if (!res.trim().equals("SUCCESS")) {
                //如果请求错误次数还大于0
                if (task.getErrormaxcount() >= 1) {
                    Thread.sleep(10000);
                    sendBack(task);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            if (task.getErrormaxcount() >= 1) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(10000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }
                sendBack(task);
            }
        }
    }

}

JobManager.java

package com.job.server;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.core.jmx.JobDetailSupport;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.impl.triggers.SimpleTriggerImpl;

/**
 * 任务调度
 * @author niewei
 *
 */
public class JobManager {
    private final static String TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME = "QUARTZ_TRIGGERGROUP";//触发器组
    private final static SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
    /**
     * 添加任务
     * @param jobName 任务名称
     * @param job 任务处理类 需要继承Job
     * @param context 处理任务可以获取的上下文 通过context.getMergedJobDataMap().getString("context"); 获取
     * @param seconds 间隔秒
     * @return
     */
    public static int addJob(String jobName,Class<? extends Job> job,Object task,int seconds,String jobGorupName){
        try {
            //判断任务是否存在
            Scheduler sche = sf.getScheduler();
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGorupName);
            if(sche.checkExists(jobKey)){
                return 1;//任务已经存在 
            }
            //创建一个JobDetail实例，指定SimpleJob
            Map<String, Object> JobDetailmap =new HashMap<String, Object>();
            JobDetailmap.put("name", jobName);//设置任务名字
            JobDetailmap.put("group", jobGorupName);//设置任务组
            JobDetailmap.put("jobClass",job.getCanonicalName());//指定执行类  Task.class.getCanonicalName()
            JobDetail jobDetail=JobDetailSupport.newJobDetail(JobDetailmap);
            //添加数据内容
            jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("task",task);//传输的上下文
            //通过SimpleTrigger定义调度规则：马上启动，每2秒运行一次，共运行100次  等。。。。
            SimpleTriggerImpl simpleTrigger = new SimpleTriggerImpl();
            simpleTrigger.setName(jobName);
            simpleTrigger.setGroup(TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME);
            //什么时候开始执行
            simpleTrigger.setStartTime(new Date(new Date().getTime()+1000*seconds));
            //间隔时间
            simpleTrigger.setRepeatInterval(1000*seconds);
            //最多访问次数  默认执行一次
            simpleTrigger.setRepeatCount(0);
            //通过SchedulerFactory获取一个调度器实例
            SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, simpleTrigger);//④ 注册并进行调度
            scheduler.start();//⑤调度启动
            return 0;//添加成功
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //e.printStackTrace();
            return 2;//操作异常
        }
    }
    /**
     * 关闭任务调度
     * @param jobName 任务名称
     * @return 0 关闭成功 1： 关闭失败 2：操作异常
     */
    public static int closeJob(String jobName,String jobGorupName){
        //关闭任务调度
        try {
            Scheduler sche = sf.getScheduler();
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGorupName);
            return sche.deleteJob(jobKey)==true?0:1;
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            //e.printStackTrace();
            return 2;
        }
    }
    private JobManager() {}

}

AddJob.java

package com.job.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.job.model.TaskInfo;
import com.job.server.JobBack;
import com.job.server.JobManager;

/***
 * 添加任务调度
 * 
 * @author niewei
 *
 */
@WebServlet("/addJob.do")
public class AddJob extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public AddJob() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
     *      response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        //避免get 请求
        response.sendError(403);
        // doPost(request, response);
    }

    /**
     * 处理添加任务
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 设置编码
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("utf-8");
        // 得到请求
        String jobName = request.getParameter("jobName");// 得到任务名称
        // 得到token
        //String token = request.getParameter("token");
        // 验证签名
        /*if (!MD5Util.GetMD5Code(jobName + Config.token + "zhangke is shabi!").equals(token)) {
            return;
        }*/
        // 得到回调
        String backUrl = request.getParameter("backUrl");
        // 得到请求定时时间
        Integer seconds = Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("seconds"));
        String errMaxCount = request.getParameter("errormaxcount");
        Integer errormaxcount = errMaxCount == null ? 1 : Integer.valueOf(errMaxCount);// 回调请求失败的次数
                                                                                        // 默认为一次
        // 得到其他参数
        String context = request.getParameter("context");
        // 得到任务组
        String jobGorupName = request.getParameter("jobGorupName");

        TaskInfo t = new TaskInfo(backUrl, jobName, seconds, context, errormaxcount, jobGorupName);
        // 添加任务
        Integer res = JobManager.addJob(jobName, JobBack.class, t, seconds, jobGorupName);
        response.getWriter().write(res.toString());
    }

}

MonitoringJob.java

package com.job.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher;

import com.job.model.JobGroupInfo;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;

/***
 * 查看任务情况
 * 
 * @author niewei
 *
 */
@WebServlet("/monitoringJob.do")
public class MonitoringJob extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public MonitoringJob() {
        super();
    }
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/json;char=utf-8");
        // 得到任务组名字
        String jobGroupName = request.getParameter("jobGroupName");
        // 验证是否为空
        //monitoringJob.do
        List<JobGroupInfo> list=new ArrayList<JobGroupInfo>();
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = new StdSchedulerFactory().getScheduler();
            for (JobKey jobKey : scheduler.getJobKeys(GroupMatcher.jobGroupEquals(jobGroupName==null?"":jobGroupName))) {
                String jobName = jobKey.getName();
                String jobGroup = jobKey.getGroup();
                // get job's trigger
                List<Trigger> triggers = (List<Trigger>) scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);
                Date nextFireTime = triggers.get(0).getNextFireTime(); // 下一次执行时间、
                JobGroupInfo gri=new JobGroupInfo(jobName, jobGroup, nextFireTime.getTime());
                list.add(gri);
            }
            response.getWriter().write(JSONArray.fromObject(list).toString());
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

RemoveJob.java

package com.job.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.job.server.JobManager;

/***
 * 移除任务
 * @author niewei
 *
 */
@WebServlet("/removeJob.do")
public class RemoveJob extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public RemoveJob() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.sendError(403);
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //得到任务名
        String jobName=request.getParameter("jobName");
        //得到签名
        String token =request.getParameter("token");
        //得到任务组
        String jobGorupName=request.getParameter("jobGorupName");
        //验证签名
        /*if(!MD5Util.GetMD5Code(jobName+Config.token+"zhangke is sb!").equals(token)){
            response.getWriter().write("2");
            return;
        }*/
        //执行移除操作
        int res=JobManager.closeJob(jobName,jobGorupName);
        if(res==0){//成功
            response.getWriter().write("0");
        }else if(res==1){//不存在
            response.getWriter().write("1");
        }else{
            //报错啦！
            response.getWriter().write("2");
        }
    }

}

TestBack.java(这个servlet是用来测试回调用，我回调url就写这个。。)

package com.job.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject;

/**
 * 测试回调地址
 */
@WebServlet("/testback")
public class TestBack extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public TestBack() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("get请求");
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        Map<String, String[]> map=request.getParameterMap();
        Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            String key=iter.next();
            System.out.println("key："+key+" value:"+map.get(key)[0]);
        } 
        response.getWriter().write("SUCCESS");
    }

}

HttpUtil.java

package com.job.utli;


import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpUtil {
    public static String request_get(String httpUrl) {
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        String result = null;
        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();

        try {
            URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            connection.setReadTimeout(20000);
            connection.connect();
            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"));
            String strRead = null;
            while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                sbf.append(strRead);
                sbf.append("\r\n");
            }
            reader.close();
            result = sbf.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
    public static String request_post(String httpUrl, String httpArg) {
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        String result = null;
        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();

        try {
            URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            connection.setReadTimeout(20000);
            connection.getOutputStream().write(httpArg.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            connection.connect();
            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"));
            String strRead = null;
            while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                sbf.append(strRead);
                sbf.append("\r\n");
            }
            reader.close();
            result = sbf.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

MD5Util.java

package com.job.utli;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/***
 *md5
 * @author niewei
 *
 */
public class MD5Util {
    private final static String[] strDigits = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5",
            "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };

    public MD5Util() {
    }

    private static String byteToArrayString(byte bByte) {
        int iRet = bByte;
        if (iRet < 0) {
            iRet += 256;
        }
        int iD1 = iRet / 16;
        int iD2 = iRet % 16;
        return strDigits[iD1] + strDigits[iD2];
    }

    private static String byteToNum(byte bByte) {
        int iRet = bByte;
        System.out.println("iRet1=" + iRet);
        if (iRet < 0) {
            iRet += 256;
        }
        return String.valueOf(iRet);
    }

    private static String byteToString(byte[] bByte) {
        StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < bByte.length; i++) {
            sBuffer.append(byteToArrayString(bByte[i]));
        }
        return sBuffer.toString();
    }

    public static String GetMD5Code(String strObj) {
        String resultString = null;
        try {
            resultString = new String(strObj);
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            resultString = byteToString(md.digest(strObj.getBytes()));
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return resultString;
    }
}

以上代码编写完了之后就跑起来

测试

1.我使用火狐浏览器—》附加组件—》搜索HttpRequester安装重启火狐即可
2.

在测试工具中填写如下类型参数即可，注意回调地址我写的调度中心的测试方法
3.等5s中就能在在控制台中打印出来

以上大致就完成了，查看任务详情，和删除任务就不一一测试了。

以上只是简单得一个场景测试，重启服务器任务就丢失，所以这样不是很推荐这样在生产环境中使用，后边文章中会吧任务放置数据库中。